Safe operating rules and practices are to be established during the planning meeting at the start of the job as dictated by the hazards inherent in the nature of the work, federal and state Safety and Health Regulations, company policies, and owner and other regulatory agency requirements. Other safety rules may have to be added as the work progresses due to changed conditions, new methods, new equipment, and as an outgrowth of accident experience.
General safe operating rules and practices apply to all employees, regardless of the nature of their duties. These rules are to be explained to each new hire during indoctrination and must be reemphasized at toolbox meetings and in day-to-day contacts. These are minimum requirements, and are to be rigidly enforced. Examples of general rules follow:
Wear personal protective equipment as required.
Wear suitable shoes and work clothes in good repair
Lift correctly. Get help on the heavy loads.
Do not smoke in prohibited areas.
Avoid off-balanced positions when pulling, pushing, or prying, especially at heights
Report all injuries promptly, even though minor in nature,
Keep alert around moving equipment
Always inspect ladders prior to use and use ladders correctly.
Always follow the approved lock and tag procedures.
Operate equipment and vehicles only if authorized
Correct unsafe conditions as noted, or if you can't correct them, call them to the attention of your foreman immediately.
Keep tools and materials away from the edge of scaffolds or floor openings where they can be knocked off on employees working below.
Be considerate of the welfare of fellow employees. Do not distract their attention or engage in horseplay.
Replace all guards removed for servicing or other reasons,
Pressure cylinders should be used and stored in an upright position and secured against accidental tipping.
Keep all stairways, ladders, ramps, scaffold platforms, walkways and work areas free from loose materials and trash.
Riding on loads, hooks and hoists is prohibited.
Always wear eye protection when grinding, drilling, burning, or performing any operation which may produce flying particles or objects.
Saturday, October 27, 2007
Thursday, October 25, 2007
WHO DO YOU BLAME WHEN YOU HAVE AN ACCIDENT?
How often have you had an accident in the past year? Have injuries happened to you more often than to your co-workers?
If so, do you really know what caused each of those incidents? It’s human nature to find excuses when we make a mistake or do something wrong. We tend to look for reasons outside ourselves when something bad happens to us. But if we don’t understand what has caused our problems, how can we keep them from happening again?
The majority of workers perform their jobs without injury, while some individuals seem to have more than their share of mishaps. Some people call this being “accident prone,” assuming that accidents are a pretty much a matter of luck. But most accidents don’t just happen; they are the result of what people do—or fail to do. They are usually caused by a personal decision. In the case of being “accident prone,” that decision usually has to do with whether the injured person
understands, believes in, and follows safe work behavior.
If that so-called “accident prone” person describes you, then for your own sake, and for the safety of your co-workers, you need to find honest answers to the following questions:
· What is your attitude toward safety? Do you believe you have a responsibility to protect yourself—or do you somehow think it’s the duty of your employer, your co-workers, or someone else?
· Do you follow safety guidelines and use appropriate personal protective gear, or do you figure you are somehow protected without them? Other people might need rules and safety equipment, but not you!
· Do you report to work clear headed, after having had enough sleep? Or do you come to work fuzzy headed, and work with tools and equipment that can hurt you if you aren’t alert. Fatigue has a big effect on coordination end performance, and is a major factor in accidents and injuries.
· Do you know your physical limits, and do you work within those limits? There are many times when people aren’t fully prepared for a demanding job—after a vacation or layoff period, when beginning a new, tough project, or when they’ve put on a few “years” and gained skill, but lost endurance.
These are some of the questions you should honestly ask yourself. When you have an accident, look hard at your behavior and the choices you made, before thinking about blaming “fate” or anyone else. After all, you are the one who suffered, and you are often the only one who could have prevented your injury and pain.
Don’t let yourself be a “victim!” Decide to work safe and be safe—take control of what happens to you.
If so, do you really know what caused each of those incidents? It’s human nature to find excuses when we make a mistake or do something wrong. We tend to look for reasons outside ourselves when something bad happens to us. But if we don’t understand what has caused our problems, how can we keep them from happening again?
The majority of workers perform their jobs without injury, while some individuals seem to have more than their share of mishaps. Some people call this being “accident prone,” assuming that accidents are a pretty much a matter of luck. But most accidents don’t just happen; they are the result of what people do—or fail to do. They are usually caused by a personal decision. In the case of being “accident prone,” that decision usually has to do with whether the injured person
understands, believes in, and follows safe work behavior.
If that so-called “accident prone” person describes you, then for your own sake, and for the safety of your co-workers, you need to find honest answers to the following questions:
· What is your attitude toward safety? Do you believe you have a responsibility to protect yourself—or do you somehow think it’s the duty of your employer, your co-workers, or someone else?
· Do you follow safety guidelines and use appropriate personal protective gear, or do you figure you are somehow protected without them? Other people might need rules and safety equipment, but not you!
· Do you report to work clear headed, after having had enough sleep? Or do you come to work fuzzy headed, and work with tools and equipment that can hurt you if you aren’t alert. Fatigue has a big effect on coordination end performance, and is a major factor in accidents and injuries.
· Do you know your physical limits, and do you work within those limits? There are many times when people aren’t fully prepared for a demanding job—after a vacation or layoff period, when beginning a new, tough project, or when they’ve put on a few “years” and gained skill, but lost endurance.
These are some of the questions you should honestly ask yourself. When you have an accident, look hard at your behavior and the choices you made, before thinking about blaming “fate” or anyone else. After all, you are the one who suffered, and you are often the only one who could have prevented your injury and pain.
Don’t let yourself be a “victim!” Decide to work safe and be safe—take control of what happens to you.
Thursday, October 11, 2007
Happy Aidilfitri!!!
I would like to wish all muslim a Happy Aidilfitri which is only about 2 days left. Although it is a festive season, please do take care of yourself and your family either while driving, cooking, or decorating the house.
When you are driving, please follow all traffic rules and speed limit to ensure that you will arrive safely to you destination. Make sure you are also well rested and have enough drink to prevent any accidents. Don't be to eager to go back to see your family although i know it'll be a lot of fun once you are there. As they say, better late then never...
Cooking, it a major cause of fire to occur at home. I know during this Aidilfitri there will be a lot of cooking everywhere and almost all the time. So, to ensure we all would still have a home to celebrate Aidilfitri with, remember don't leave your cooking or kitchen unattended for too long. Make sure all the electrical appliances are in good condition, wiring not expose, proper plug and connection, wire not trailing across the floor to prevent tripping.
Make sure also, while hanging those beautiful decorations and lights, to always use proper tools, use good and firm ladder standing on firm ground, keep all equipment in proper storage when you are done, clear all obstructions on your pathways, don't block the entrance/exit (of course you would want the guest to come and go easily, especially when they are going..hehe).
Those are a fews simple things that you can do to make sure you and your family have a very pleasant Aidilfitri this year without any mishap or misfortune. Lastly, Happy Aidilfitri to all and remember...Safety First...rendang, lemang, and ketupat second...hehe
When you are driving, please follow all traffic rules and speed limit to ensure that you will arrive safely to you destination. Make sure you are also well rested and have enough drink to prevent any accidents. Don't be to eager to go back to see your family although i know it'll be a lot of fun once you are there. As they say, better late then never...
Cooking, it a major cause of fire to occur at home. I know during this Aidilfitri there will be a lot of cooking everywhere and almost all the time. So, to ensure we all would still have a home to celebrate Aidilfitri with, remember don't leave your cooking or kitchen unattended for too long. Make sure all the electrical appliances are in good condition, wiring not expose, proper plug and connection, wire not trailing across the floor to prevent tripping.
Make sure also, while hanging those beautiful decorations and lights, to always use proper tools, use good and firm ladder standing on firm ground, keep all equipment in proper storage when you are done, clear all obstructions on your pathways, don't block the entrance/exit (of course you would want the guest to come and go easily, especially when they are going..hehe).
Those are a fews simple things that you can do to make sure you and your family have a very pleasant Aidilfitri this year without any mishap or misfortune. Lastly, Happy Aidilfitri to all and remember...Safety First...rendang, lemang, and ketupat second...hehe
Wednesday, October 10, 2007
What is risk?
Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse healtheffect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss.
For example: The risk of developing cancer from smoking cigarettes could be expressed as "cigarette smokers are 12 times (for example) more likely to die of lung cancer than non-smokers". Another way of reporting risk is "a certain number ,"Y", of smokers per 100,000 smokers will likely develop lung cancer" (depending on their age and how many years they have been smoking). These risks are expressed as a probability or likelihood of developing a disease or getting injured, whereas hazards refer to the possible consequences (e.g., lung cancer, emphysema and heart disease from cigarette smoking).
Factors that influence the degree of risk include:
how much a person is exposed to a hazardous thing or condition,
how the person is exposed (e.g., breathing in a vapour, skin contact), and
how severe are the effects under the conditions of exposure.
For example: The risk of developing cancer from smoking cigarettes could be expressed as "cigarette smokers are 12 times (for example) more likely to die of lung cancer than non-smokers". Another way of reporting risk is "a certain number ,"Y", of smokers per 100,000 smokers will likely develop lung cancer" (depending on their age and how many years they have been smoking). These risks are expressed as a probability or likelihood of developing a disease or getting injured, whereas hazards refer to the possible consequences (e.g., lung cancer, emphysema and heart disease from cigarette smoking).
Factors that influence the degree of risk include:
how much a person is exposed to a hazardous thing or condition,
how the person is exposed (e.g., breathing in a vapour, skin contact), and
how severe are the effects under the conditions of exposure.
What is a hazard?
The meaning of the word hazard can be confusing. Often dictionaries do not give specific definitions or combine it with the term "risk". For example, one dictionary defines hazard as "a danger or risk" which helps explain why many people use the terms interchangeably.
There are many definitions for hazard but the more common definition when talking about workplace health and safety is:
A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone under certain conditions at work.
Basically, a hazard can cause harm or adverse effects (to individuals as health effects or to organizations as property or equipment losses).
Sometimes a hazard is referred to as being the actual harm or the health effect it caused rather than the hazard. For example, the disease tuberculosis (TB) might be called a hazard by some but in general the TB-causing bacteria would be considered the "hazard" or "hazardous biological agent".
A common way to classify hazards is by category:
biological - bacteria, viruses, insects, plants, birds, animals, and humans, etc.,
chemical - depends on the physical, chemical and toxic properties of the chemical.
ergonomic - repetitive movements, improper set up of workstation, etc.,
physical - radiation, magnetic fields, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum), noise, etc,
psychosocial - stress, violence, etc.,
safety - slipping/tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or breakdowns
There are many definitions for hazard but the more common definition when talking about workplace health and safety is:
A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone under certain conditions at work.
Basically, a hazard can cause harm or adverse effects (to individuals as health effects or to organizations as property or equipment losses).
Sometimes a hazard is referred to as being the actual harm or the health effect it caused rather than the hazard. For example, the disease tuberculosis (TB) might be called a hazard by some but in general the TB-causing bacteria would be considered the "hazard" or "hazardous biological agent".
A common way to classify hazards is by category:
biological - bacteria, viruses, insects, plants, birds, animals, and humans, etc.,
chemical - depends on the physical, chemical and toxic properties of the chemical.
ergonomic - repetitive movements, improper set up of workstation, etc.,
physical - radiation, magnetic fields, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum), noise, etc,
psychosocial - stress, violence, etc.,
safety - slipping/tripping hazards, inappropriate machine guarding, equipment malfunctions or breakdowns
Human Factors Theory of Accident Causation
Attributes accidents to a chain of events that were ultimately the result of human error.
Three broad factors leading to human error:
1. Overload
2. Inappropriate Responses
3. Inappropriate Activities
1. Overload
Worker’s Capacity -
Natural Ability, Training, State of Mind,
Fatigue, Stress, Physical Condition
Environmental Factors -
Noise, Climatic, Lighting, Distractions, etc
Internal Factors -
Personal Problems, Emotional Stress, Worry
Situational Factors -
Level of Risk, Unclear Instructions, Novelty, etc
2. Inappropriate Responses
Ignores a suspected hazard
Disregards established safety procedures
Circumvents safety devices
Includes incompatibility with person’s workstation
(Size, Required Force, Reach, Feel, etc)
3. Inappropriate Activities
Performing tasks without requisite training
Misjudging the degree of risk
Three broad factors leading to human error:
1. Overload
2. Inappropriate Responses
3. Inappropriate Activities
1. Overload
Worker’s Capacity -
Natural Ability, Training, State of Mind,
Fatigue, Stress, Physical Condition
Environmental Factors -
Noise, Climatic, Lighting, Distractions, etc
Internal Factors -
Personal Problems, Emotional Stress, Worry
Situational Factors -
Level of Risk, Unclear Instructions, Novelty, etc
2. Inappropriate Responses
Ignores a suspected hazard
Disregards established safety procedures
Circumvents safety devices
Includes incompatibility with person’s workstation
(Size, Required Force, Reach, Feel, etc)
3. Inappropriate Activities
Performing tasks without requisite training
Misjudging the degree of risk
Sunday, September 23, 2007
It's been hard
It's been a week or more now I haven't post anything due to me taking the NEBOSH Certificate course. It is a 2 weeks course with 2 papers and 1 practical exam. The question is quite hard I might say, but I'm glad I'm taking it. The course let me understand more on how to implement what I have been learning in my Diploma. Overall, it's a good experience for me. Hopefully I will pass it and then advancing more into the HSE world.
I'll post up some more articles after I've completed the course.In the meantime, hope the article here could provide some good use to all.
Safety First!
I'll post up some more articles after I've completed the course.In the meantime, hope the article here could provide some good use to all.
Safety First!
Friday, September 14, 2007
WELDING ON GALVANIZED METALS
One of the most significant health hazards in the welding process is the generation of fumes and gasses. Do you weld on galvanized metals? Zinc is the coating used on galvanized metals, and when you heat the metal, it produces vaporized metal droplets which are called fumes. This is the smoky haze which consists of fine particles of metals or silicates. When you breathe these fumes, they may work deeply into your lungs.
The typical effect of breathing zinc fumes is metal fume fever. One or two hours or more after welding-without proper personal protection-you may experience severe thirst, pain in the legs, shivering, congestion in the head, dryness and tickling of the throat, and a cough. In very bad cases, you may feel severe shivering, a high fever, buzzing in the ears, nausea, vomiting, and even hallucinations and convulsions. Your symptoms will usually last 24 hours.
Some of you may weld for a period of time and find some of the symptoms appeared, then went away. You may actually have built up an immunity that hides the full effects. If you take a break from welding over the weekend or over a holiday, the symptoms will often come back again the next time you weld on galvanized metal. Because of this behavior, metal fume fever is sometimes known as "Monday morning sickness."
Protect yourself, if you weld on galvanized metals, by following these precautions:
- In all operations where metal fumes are present, you should work in a well ventilated area. The best way to protect yourself against metal fumes is to use local exhaust ventilation at the source of the smoke. Do not re-circulate the air in the shop.
- If good local ventilation is not possible you should wear an approved respirator, which will fit underneath your welding helmet, to protect yourself from fumes. This respirator collects the fume particles and keeps them from entering your lungs. (A paper dust mask is not adequate).
- If you find white dust inside your welding shield, you are not properly protecting yourself from the fumes.
- After you have finished welding, wash your hands and face thoroughly with soap and water.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas contaminated by welding fumes.
- If you think you are experiencing symptoms of metal fume fever, report it to your supervisor. Physicians familiar with this illness say that the best treatment is to drink plenty of water and go to bed and rest.
Finally, did you know that you can "contaminate" your family by bringing home zinc particles on your clothing? Protect both yourself and your family-weld safely.
The typical effect of breathing zinc fumes is metal fume fever. One or two hours or more after welding-without proper personal protection-you may experience severe thirst, pain in the legs, shivering, congestion in the head, dryness and tickling of the throat, and a cough. In very bad cases, you may feel severe shivering, a high fever, buzzing in the ears, nausea, vomiting, and even hallucinations and convulsions. Your symptoms will usually last 24 hours.
Some of you may weld for a period of time and find some of the symptoms appeared, then went away. You may actually have built up an immunity that hides the full effects. If you take a break from welding over the weekend or over a holiday, the symptoms will often come back again the next time you weld on galvanized metal. Because of this behavior, metal fume fever is sometimes known as "Monday morning sickness."
Protect yourself, if you weld on galvanized metals, by following these precautions:
- In all operations where metal fumes are present, you should work in a well ventilated area. The best way to protect yourself against metal fumes is to use local exhaust ventilation at the source of the smoke. Do not re-circulate the air in the shop.
- If good local ventilation is not possible you should wear an approved respirator, which will fit underneath your welding helmet, to protect yourself from fumes. This respirator collects the fume particles and keeps them from entering your lungs. (A paper dust mask is not adequate).
- If you find white dust inside your welding shield, you are not properly protecting yourself from the fumes.
- After you have finished welding, wash your hands and face thoroughly with soap and water.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas contaminated by welding fumes.
- If you think you are experiencing symptoms of metal fume fever, report it to your supervisor. Physicians familiar with this illness say that the best treatment is to drink plenty of water and go to bed and rest.
Finally, did you know that you can "contaminate" your family by bringing home zinc particles on your clothing? Protect both yourself and your family-weld safely.
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT WELDING & CUTTING
Protecting yourself when performing welding operations depends on your understanding of the hazards involved and the proper way to control them. Control of welding hazards include avoiding eye injury, respiratory protection, ventilation of the work area, protective clothing and having safe equipment to use.
Eye hazards include exposure to ultraviolet and infrared light. Welders and their helpers should wear filter glasses with shades ranging from 2 to 14, depending on the type of welding being done, to protect their eyes. Unless a welding arc is behind a screen, not only the welder, but also people nearby may need eye protection. Other workers should be excluded within a 30 foot radius from gas or low powered arc welding, or also be protected with appropriate filter lenses. Heavy welding requires a 100 foot radius. Inert gas welding produces 5 to 30 times as much ultraviolet light as arc welding and requires shielding for even greater distances. Keep in mind that ordinary untreated plastic lenses absorb ultraviolet light very poorly and should not be relied on for protection.
Virtually all welding processes generate gases, fume and dusts. Gases generated include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, and nitrous gases. Other gases may also be formed in the presence of chemicals which may be on the material being welded. For example 1,1,1 Trichloroethane generates phosgene gas when exposed to the heat of welding. Welding and cutting can also generate fumes from cadmium, lead, cyanide, beryllium, arsenic, fluorides, nickel, cyanide, and other materials when can be hazardous if inhaled. Proper respiratory protection should always be worn when cutting or welding. The best type of protection to use can be determined by reading the Material Safety Data Sheet for the material being welded, or the manufacturer of the rod or flux being used.
Mechanical ventilation at the rate of 2,000 cubic feet per minute per welder is required if the area is more crowded than 10,000 cubic feet per welder; has a ceiling height of less than 16 feet; or in confined spaces where structural barriers significantly obstruct cross ventilation. Additional specific ventilation requirements are necessary for fluorine compounds, zinc, lead, beryllium, cadmium, mercury, and for stainless steel that is oxygen cut using either a chemical flux or iron powder or gas shielded arc cutting. Where it is not possible to provide this ventilation, airline respirators, hose masks, or self contained units must be used. Oxygen should never be used for ventilation.
All parts of the body should be protected from radiant energy, sparks, and molten metal splashes. Clothing made from wool, or wool blends, is generally better than cotton. Some cutting operations such as inert-gas metal arc welding will cause exposed cotton clothing to rapidly deteriorate. Leather capes, jackets, leggings, and aprons provide additional protection especially in vertical, or overhead operations. Use of dark clothing will help reduce reflected light.
All welding equipment should be inspected each day prior to use. Report any defects found in regulators, torches or electrical components to a person that is qualified to make the necessary repairs.
Eye hazards include exposure to ultraviolet and infrared light. Welders and their helpers should wear filter glasses with shades ranging from 2 to 14, depending on the type of welding being done, to protect their eyes. Unless a welding arc is behind a screen, not only the welder, but also people nearby may need eye protection. Other workers should be excluded within a 30 foot radius from gas or low powered arc welding, or also be protected with appropriate filter lenses. Heavy welding requires a 100 foot radius. Inert gas welding produces 5 to 30 times as much ultraviolet light as arc welding and requires shielding for even greater distances. Keep in mind that ordinary untreated plastic lenses absorb ultraviolet light very poorly and should not be relied on for protection.
Virtually all welding processes generate gases, fume and dusts. Gases generated include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, and nitrous gases. Other gases may also be formed in the presence of chemicals which may be on the material being welded. For example 1,1,1 Trichloroethane generates phosgene gas when exposed to the heat of welding. Welding and cutting can also generate fumes from cadmium, lead, cyanide, beryllium, arsenic, fluorides, nickel, cyanide, and other materials when can be hazardous if inhaled. Proper respiratory protection should always be worn when cutting or welding. The best type of protection to use can be determined by reading the Material Safety Data Sheet for the material being welded, or the manufacturer of the rod or flux being used.
Mechanical ventilation at the rate of 2,000 cubic feet per minute per welder is required if the area is more crowded than 10,000 cubic feet per welder; has a ceiling height of less than 16 feet; or in confined spaces where structural barriers significantly obstruct cross ventilation. Additional specific ventilation requirements are necessary for fluorine compounds, zinc, lead, beryllium, cadmium, mercury, and for stainless steel that is oxygen cut using either a chemical flux or iron powder or gas shielded arc cutting. Where it is not possible to provide this ventilation, airline respirators, hose masks, or self contained units must be used. Oxygen should never be used for ventilation.
All parts of the body should be protected from radiant energy, sparks, and molten metal splashes. Clothing made from wool, or wool blends, is generally better than cotton. Some cutting operations such as inert-gas metal arc welding will cause exposed cotton clothing to rapidly deteriorate. Leather capes, jackets, leggings, and aprons provide additional protection especially in vertical, or overhead operations. Use of dark clothing will help reduce reflected light.
All welding equipment should be inspected each day prior to use. Report any defects found in regulators, torches or electrical components to a person that is qualified to make the necessary repairs.
Just some rambling
I've been working in shipbuilding industry for 6 month now. From what i see, most of the activities involves cutting and welding of metal. So i think this occurs is every workplace as well. Most of us don't really know what are the hazards and dangers associated with welding and cutting activities.
So i would like to dedicate this day as "Welding and Cutting Awareness Day". I'll post up a couple articles on welding and cutting and i hope it'll help.
Work Safe Everyone!
So i would like to dedicate this day as "Welding and Cutting Awareness Day". I'll post up a couple articles on welding and cutting and i hope it'll help.
Work Safe Everyone!
Thursday, September 13, 2007
EYE PROTECTION: PRESERVE YOUR VISION
As you leave the workplace today, look up, down and all around, observing the beauty around you. See the blue sky, the many shades of leaves in the trees, and the different birds that occupy them. When you get home, watch your children playing in the yard and pay attention to how their eyes light up when Daddy or Mommy gets home. Have you ever stopped to think how wonderful your eyesight really is? Well, think about it. For about two minutes, close your eyes completely and contemplate how life would be if you lost your eyesight! Did you come up with visions about how your life would change if you couldn't see? Did they include any of the following?
· When you and your family are on vacation, they will have to describe the scenery to you.
· You would have to be led wherever you want to go.
· Your spouse would have to describe the way your children's eyes light up when they open their presents at Christmas.
· No more leisurely activities such as hunting or fishing, watching movies or TV.
· No more driving the new truck you just bought.
Does this sound like something you want to go through? I didn't think so! Is there a way to prevent this from happening? You bet-wear your eye protection! A recent article in Safety & Health states that every day approximately 1,000 eye injuries occur in the U.S. OSHA estimates that 90% of eye injuries are preventable through the proper use of safety eye wear. What does this tell us? Many people are not wearing proper eye protection! Let's examine a few operations that present eye hazards:
· Grinding, hammering, chiseling, wood working or any other activity that might cause large fragments or small particles to fly through the air and into the eyes;
· Painting, spraying, sanding, metal working, spot welding or any process that may cause dust, fumes or tiny particulate to become airborne;
· Work tasks such as electric welding and cutting with a torch, furnace tending or operations around radiant energy or intense heat;
· Operations such as handling acids and caustics, and hot metal casting and babbitting where gases, vapors, liquids or splashing metals are generated.
Your eyesight is a precious gift. Please do not wait until it's too late to come to your senses. If your work presents an exposure to eye hazards, wear your eye protection.
Don't take chances. Open your eyes and protect your vision!
· When you and your family are on vacation, they will have to describe the scenery to you.
· You would have to be led wherever you want to go.
· Your spouse would have to describe the way your children's eyes light up when they open their presents at Christmas.
· No more leisurely activities such as hunting or fishing, watching movies or TV.
· No more driving the new truck you just bought.
Does this sound like something you want to go through? I didn't think so! Is there a way to prevent this from happening? You bet-wear your eye protection! A recent article in Safety & Health states that every day approximately 1,000 eye injuries occur in the U.S. OSHA estimates that 90% of eye injuries are preventable through the proper use of safety eye wear. What does this tell us? Many people are not wearing proper eye protection! Let's examine a few operations that present eye hazards:
· Grinding, hammering, chiseling, wood working or any other activity that might cause large fragments or small particles to fly through the air and into the eyes;
· Painting, spraying, sanding, metal working, spot welding or any process that may cause dust, fumes or tiny particulate to become airborne;
· Work tasks such as electric welding and cutting with a torch, furnace tending or operations around radiant energy or intense heat;
· Operations such as handling acids and caustics, and hot metal casting and babbitting where gases, vapors, liquids or splashing metals are generated.
Your eyesight is a precious gift. Please do not wait until it's too late to come to your senses. If your work presents an exposure to eye hazards, wear your eye protection.
Don't take chances. Open your eyes and protect your vision!
Monday, September 10, 2007
DON'T NEGLECT CUTS
Infection is often called 'Blood Poisoning'. It might be of interest to know exactly what is meant by 'Blood Poisoning'. The term itself indicates that it is a poisoning directly related to blood.
There are two ways in which a poison can attack our bodies. It may be taken in through the mouth and enter the body by way of the digestive organs, or it may enter directly into the blood stream through an abrasion or cut in the skin. In any event, every poison eventually works through the blood and the poison of infections works into the blood stream directly.
The smallest cut, abrasion or scratch is large enough for germs to enter. If they are not wash off they will cause an infection which could lead to blood poisoning. If left untreated, a hand or arm could become so infected that it might possibly have to be amputated.
Should you find yourself with a small scratch or cut be sure to get it washed out and properly covered with a clean bandage. 'An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure'. Serious cuts and lacerations need to be treated by professional medical personnel.
Most often you'll run up against smaller injuries - burns, nicks, scratches and cuts. The danger here is that most workers don't bother to get first aid for these minor injuries. The bottom line is - DON'T NEGLECT CUTS. Do your part by trying to prevent them from happening in the first place, but when any injury occurs - serious or minor - be sure that it receives the right kind of treatment, as quickly as possible.
First aid kits must be checked, frequently to be sure they are clean and fully stocked. This applies to your home and car or boat as well as on the job.
KEEP MINOR INJURIES MINOR! FIRST AID TREATMENT IS IMPORTANT TO PREVENT INFECTION.
There are two ways in which a poison can attack our bodies. It may be taken in through the mouth and enter the body by way of the digestive organs, or it may enter directly into the blood stream through an abrasion or cut in the skin. In any event, every poison eventually works through the blood and the poison of infections works into the blood stream directly.
The smallest cut, abrasion or scratch is large enough for germs to enter. If they are not wash off they will cause an infection which could lead to blood poisoning. If left untreated, a hand or arm could become so infected that it might possibly have to be amputated.
Should you find yourself with a small scratch or cut be sure to get it washed out and properly covered with a clean bandage. 'An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure'. Serious cuts and lacerations need to be treated by professional medical personnel.
Most often you'll run up against smaller injuries - burns, nicks, scratches and cuts. The danger here is that most workers don't bother to get first aid for these minor injuries. The bottom line is - DON'T NEGLECT CUTS. Do your part by trying to prevent them from happening in the first place, but when any injury occurs - serious or minor - be sure that it receives the right kind of treatment, as quickly as possible.
First aid kits must be checked, frequently to be sure they are clean and fully stocked. This applies to your home and car or boat as well as on the job.
KEEP MINOR INJURIES MINOR! FIRST AID TREATMENT IS IMPORTANT TO PREVENT INFECTION.
Friday, September 7, 2007
“TLV – TWA – STEL” - WHAT KIND OF LANGUAGE IS THIS?
When reading Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), you will frequently encounter strange abbreviations that can make understanding the data sheet difficult. While these abbreviations may look confusing at first, it is important that the data
sheets provide the correct technical information. In order to take the correct precautions when using a specific chemical you must know the hazards that exposure to it may present. MSDS’ are the common tool to educate you on the hazards
and assist you in selecting personal protective equipment. But all of this information is based on exposure limits.
This article will provide you some basic term definitions regarding chemical exposures. These abbreviations are not difficult to understand, only confusing until you become familiar with them. Exposure limits, where these abbreviations
are usually found in Part II, of the MSDS, entitled “Hazardous Ingredients.”
TLV-TWA - Threshold Limit Value—Time Weighted Average
This is a level at which the “average” worker can be safely exposed repeatedly, day after day, without adverse effect.The TLV on the form is normally based on an exposure period of 8 hours-per-day and a 40 hour-per-workweek schedule. While your exposure may be over the TLV-TWA levels at points within the workday or workweek, if the time weighted average over the 8 hour day is at or below the listed number the average person is not exposed to an adverse hazard.
TLV-STEL - Threshold Limit Value—Short Term Exposure Limit
This is the concentration that has been determined that you can be exposed to continuously for short periods of time (not to exceed 15 minutes). Being exposed to a STEL should not be repeated more than 4 times per day. Plus, there should be at least 60 minutes between successive exposure periods. For some toxic materials, the MSDS may dictate other maximum periods other than 15 minutes, although 15 minutes is the most common period of time.
TLV-C - Threshold Limit Value—Ceiling
This concentration should not be exceeded at any time. This is the top limit of allowable exposure for any period of time. The TLV-TWA is assumed to be a level that is safe. However, each person may have different tolerances, susceptibilities
and sensitivities to various chemicals. Some chemicals cause a person to be permanently sensitized, so that even minute subsequent exposures may cause discomfort. Therefore, the levels noted may not be appropriate for you personally.
Whenever you work with chemicals of any kind, here at work or at home, caution should be the byword. If you have symptoms at working with a chemical, such as redness of the skin, numbness, swelling of the mucous membranes, headaches, etc., report it immediately to your supervisor, evaluate ways to reduce your exposure to the chemical or seriously consider upgrading your personal protective equipment to a higher level of protection.Read the Material Safety Data Sheet for the chemicals you use carefully so you will be able to protect yourself with knowledge and appropriate precautions.
sheets provide the correct technical information. In order to take the correct precautions when using a specific chemical you must know the hazards that exposure to it may present. MSDS’ are the common tool to educate you on the hazards
and assist you in selecting personal protective equipment. But all of this information is based on exposure limits.
This article will provide you some basic term definitions regarding chemical exposures. These abbreviations are not difficult to understand, only confusing until you become familiar with them. Exposure limits, where these abbreviations
are usually found in Part II, of the MSDS, entitled “Hazardous Ingredients.”
TLV-TWA - Threshold Limit Value—Time Weighted Average
This is a level at which the “average” worker can be safely exposed repeatedly, day after day, without adverse effect.The TLV on the form is normally based on an exposure period of 8 hours-per-day and a 40 hour-per-workweek schedule. While your exposure may be over the TLV-TWA levels at points within the workday or workweek, if the time weighted average over the 8 hour day is at or below the listed number the average person is not exposed to an adverse hazard.
TLV-STEL - Threshold Limit Value—Short Term Exposure Limit
This is the concentration that has been determined that you can be exposed to continuously for short periods of time (not to exceed 15 minutes). Being exposed to a STEL should not be repeated more than 4 times per day. Plus, there should be at least 60 minutes between successive exposure periods. For some toxic materials, the MSDS may dictate other maximum periods other than 15 minutes, although 15 minutes is the most common period of time.
TLV-C - Threshold Limit Value—Ceiling
This concentration should not be exceeded at any time. This is the top limit of allowable exposure for any period of time. The TLV-TWA is assumed to be a level that is safe. However, each person may have different tolerances, susceptibilities
and sensitivities to various chemicals. Some chemicals cause a person to be permanently sensitized, so that even minute subsequent exposures may cause discomfort. Therefore, the levels noted may not be appropriate for you personally.
Whenever you work with chemicals of any kind, here at work or at home, caution should be the byword. If you have symptoms at working with a chemical, such as redness of the skin, numbness, swelling of the mucous membranes, headaches, etc., report it immediately to your supervisor, evaluate ways to reduce your exposure to the chemical or seriously consider upgrading your personal protective equipment to a higher level of protection.Read the Material Safety Data Sheet for the chemicals you use carefully so you will be able to protect yourself with knowledge and appropriate precautions.
Thursday, September 6, 2007
HEAT EXHAUSTION AND SUNSTROKE
When working during hot weather, we may suffer heat exhaustion or sunstroke. Heat exhaustion is caused by the loss of body salt, and sunstroke occurs when the body mechanism is not able to keep the system cool. Following are the symptoms of these ailments and the steps we should take to aid the victim.
Symptoms:
The first signs of heat exhaustion are dizziness, weakness, headache, blurred vision, nausea and staggering. The face becomes pale, there is profuse sweating, the pulse is weak, and breathing is shallow. The person may become unconscious.
Treatment:
When someone shows symptoms of heat exhaustion, immediately remove that person to a place where the air is circulating freely. Make the person lie down and keep him or her warm. If the victim is conscious, add a teaspoon of salt to a pint of cool water and give this to the victim in small sips at frequent intervals. If the heat exhaustion symptoms persist, call the doctor.
How to Avoid:
Keep in good physical condition and stop to rest when you begin to feel faint. Increase dietary salt and fluids when working in extremely hot weather.
SUNSTROKE (HEATSTROKE) Symptoms:
The victim develops a severe headache, the face is red the skin is hot and dry, there is no sweating, and the pulse is strong and very rapid. The person has a high fever (105o—106oF.)and may become unconscious. This is followed by convulsions, coma, and sometimes death.
Treatment:
Get the victim to where there's professional medical treatment as soon as possible. In the meantime place the individual in the shade. Loosen the clothing and cool the victim with the best means available. If the individual's temperature starts to drop, cover with a light blanket, so that the sudden change in body temperature won't cause shivering or convulsions.
How to Avoid:
Stay away from alcoholic beverages. Instead, drink water, lemonade, or citrus fruit juices. Wear clothing that is lightweight, well ventilated, and loose. Replace the body salts lost through perspiration by making sure your salt and fluid intake is adequate.
Know The Difference:
Become familiar with the symptoms of sun- stroke and heat exhaustion. As we've discussed, the treatment for each of these ailments is different and knowing the difference could mean life or death.
Symptoms:
The first signs of heat exhaustion are dizziness, weakness, headache, blurred vision, nausea and staggering. The face becomes pale, there is profuse sweating, the pulse is weak, and breathing is shallow. The person may become unconscious.
Treatment:
When someone shows symptoms of heat exhaustion, immediately remove that person to a place where the air is circulating freely. Make the person lie down and keep him or her warm. If the victim is conscious, add a teaspoon of salt to a pint of cool water and give this to the victim in small sips at frequent intervals. If the heat exhaustion symptoms persist, call the doctor.
How to Avoid:
Keep in good physical condition and stop to rest when you begin to feel faint. Increase dietary salt and fluids when working in extremely hot weather.
SUNSTROKE (HEATSTROKE) Symptoms:
The victim develops a severe headache, the face is red the skin is hot and dry, there is no sweating, and the pulse is strong and very rapid. The person has a high fever (105o—106oF.)and may become unconscious. This is followed by convulsions, coma, and sometimes death.
Treatment:
Get the victim to where there's professional medical treatment as soon as possible. In the meantime place the individual in the shade. Loosen the clothing and cool the victim with the best means available. If the individual's temperature starts to drop, cover with a light blanket, so that the sudden change in body temperature won't cause shivering or convulsions.
How to Avoid:
Stay away from alcoholic beverages. Instead, drink water, lemonade, or citrus fruit juices. Wear clothing that is lightweight, well ventilated, and loose. Replace the body salts lost through perspiration by making sure your salt and fluid intake is adequate.
Know The Difference:
Become familiar with the symptoms of sun- stroke and heat exhaustion. As we've discussed, the treatment for each of these ailments is different and knowing the difference could mean life or death.
Wednesday, September 5, 2007
HAZARDS OF SOLVENTS
We use solvents practically every day in our lives. At work, we may use or be exposed to solvents when we come in contact with paints, coatings, while using dip tanks, thinners, degreasers, cleaners, glues or mastics. As a result of this widespread usage, it is important to know some of the hazards that are associated with the group of chemicals, generally called “solvents.”
For practical purposes a solvent is simply a liquid capable of dissolving specific solids or liquids. As you know, there are solvents that
we use daily that are hazardous. Petroleum based solvents are the most common type used in industry. Therefore, as part of your job,
it’s important for you to understand the hazards of working with or around solvents.
Exposure and over-exposure to a solvent can come from various methods. The routes of entry may include:
· Absorption by direct contact on the skin. If there are no “barriers” between the solvent and your skin, the solvent can be
absorbed through your skin.
· Inhalation by breathing solvent vapors. Breathing in the solvent vapors can quickly result in the chemical getting into your body
and bloodstream via your lungs.
· Ingestion from literally eating the chemical by not practicing good hygiene after handling solvents. Direct contact with your
hands and mouth through eating or smoking may result in unexpected ingestion of solvents.
· Puncture of the skin by a tool or other object that has a coating of solvent. Punctures can result in the direct introduction of toxic
chemicals into your body.
Overexposure to solvents can cause a variety of ailments. Depending on the type of solvent you are exposed to, the body will react in
different ways. Skin contact may result in minor skin rashes or an allergic reaction resulting in “chloracne.” This happens when the
solvent dissolves the skin’s natural oils. Some workers can develop a sensitization to a particular product or chemical. Sensitization
results in the entire body being “overly” sensitive to a particular chemical or product. After sensitization has occurred, even a very
slight exposure can result in adverse or serious reactions. Serious overexposures can lead to illnesses resulting in organ or tissue
damage.
As with any chemical or product, important information is contained in the product’s Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). The
MSDS provides information on safe use, handling, disposal and protection methods among other information.
Solvents are very useful in our everyday lives. If we take the time to learn more about them, we can be better prepared to properly use
them, protect ourselves and effectively get our job done.
If you are unsure of the solvent or product that you are using, ask questions or check the MSDS.
For practical purposes a solvent is simply a liquid capable of dissolving specific solids or liquids. As you know, there are solvents that
we use daily that are hazardous. Petroleum based solvents are the most common type used in industry. Therefore, as part of your job,
it’s important for you to understand the hazards of working with or around solvents.
Exposure and over-exposure to a solvent can come from various methods. The routes of entry may include:
· Absorption by direct contact on the skin. If there are no “barriers” between the solvent and your skin, the solvent can be
absorbed through your skin.
· Inhalation by breathing solvent vapors. Breathing in the solvent vapors can quickly result in the chemical getting into your body
and bloodstream via your lungs.
· Ingestion from literally eating the chemical by not practicing good hygiene after handling solvents. Direct contact with your
hands and mouth through eating or smoking may result in unexpected ingestion of solvents.
· Puncture of the skin by a tool or other object that has a coating of solvent. Punctures can result in the direct introduction of toxic
chemicals into your body.
Overexposure to solvents can cause a variety of ailments. Depending on the type of solvent you are exposed to, the body will react in
different ways. Skin contact may result in minor skin rashes or an allergic reaction resulting in “chloracne.” This happens when the
solvent dissolves the skin’s natural oils. Some workers can develop a sensitization to a particular product or chemical. Sensitization
results in the entire body being “overly” sensitive to a particular chemical or product. After sensitization has occurred, even a very
slight exposure can result in adverse or serious reactions. Serious overexposures can lead to illnesses resulting in organ or tissue
damage.
As with any chemical or product, important information is contained in the product’s Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). The
MSDS provides information on safe use, handling, disposal and protection methods among other information.
Solvents are very useful in our everyday lives. If we take the time to learn more about them, we can be better prepared to properly use
them, protect ourselves and effectively get our job done.
If you are unsure of the solvent or product that you are using, ask questions or check the MSDS.
Tuesday, September 4, 2007
Key Safety Components
You might call them Ten Safety Commandments or you might just call them good sense. But if you remember the following safety procedures, you’ll have a better chance of going home injury free at the end of your workday.
1. Know How To Do Your Job Safely: If you are new to a job or task and don’t fully understand all safe work
procedures, check it out with your foreman or supervisor.
2. Keep The Work Area Clean: Housekeeping is everybody’s responsibility. Working in a disorganized, cluttered
environment is bad for crew morale. Poor housekeeping is the cause of many accidents.
3. Use Personal Protective Equipment: You shouldn’t have to be told to use safety gear. Wear your hard hat, eye
protection, gloves, fall protective gear and other required PPE to avoid having an incident and injury.
4. Use The Right Tools: Be sure your tools are always in good repair and use them only for the purpose they were
designed for. Defective tools should be tagged and removed from service before they may cause injury to someone.
5. Work Safely When Using Ladders: Report defective or broken ladders to your supervisor. Always face a ladder
when climbing up or down, keep your belt buckle inside the ladder rungs, and don’t carry tools or materials in your
hands while climbing. Many workers fall from ladders, don’t be one of them!
6. Handle Materials Safely: Protect your back from injury by using the right lifting techniques, and get help with heavy
loads. Taking shortcuts when handling heavy objects can mean lost time and pain in the long run.
7. Use Care Around Equipment: Don’t operate power driven equipment unless you are qualified and have been
authorized to do so. And never be a hitchhiker—taking a ride on mobile equipment is a foolish gamble.
8. Dress For The Job: Loose or ragged clothing may not fully protect your body and can be caught on tools, equipment,
or in moving parts of machinery. Sturdy work boots are needed for foot and ankle protection, tennis shoes won’t do
it.
9. Report Unsafe Conditions: Foreman and supervisors can’t be everywhere at once, so take responsibility for letting
them know about any conditions that exposure your crew to hazards.
10. Follow The Rules: Job safety rules are written for your protection. Strive to be the best at what you do, but strive just
as hard to get home safely every night. It’s up to you!
Make It A Habit To Work Safely!
1. Know How To Do Your Job Safely: If you are new to a job or task and don’t fully understand all safe work
procedures, check it out with your foreman or supervisor.
2. Keep The Work Area Clean: Housekeeping is everybody’s responsibility. Working in a disorganized, cluttered
environment is bad for crew morale. Poor housekeeping is the cause of many accidents.
3. Use Personal Protective Equipment: You shouldn’t have to be told to use safety gear. Wear your hard hat, eye
protection, gloves, fall protective gear and other required PPE to avoid having an incident and injury.
4. Use The Right Tools: Be sure your tools are always in good repair and use them only for the purpose they were
designed for. Defective tools should be tagged and removed from service before they may cause injury to someone.
5. Work Safely When Using Ladders: Report defective or broken ladders to your supervisor. Always face a ladder
when climbing up or down, keep your belt buckle inside the ladder rungs, and don’t carry tools or materials in your
hands while climbing. Many workers fall from ladders, don’t be one of them!
6. Handle Materials Safely: Protect your back from injury by using the right lifting techniques, and get help with heavy
loads. Taking shortcuts when handling heavy objects can mean lost time and pain in the long run.
7. Use Care Around Equipment: Don’t operate power driven equipment unless you are qualified and have been
authorized to do so. And never be a hitchhiker—taking a ride on mobile equipment is a foolish gamble.
8. Dress For The Job: Loose or ragged clothing may not fully protect your body and can be caught on tools, equipment,
or in moving parts of machinery. Sturdy work boots are needed for foot and ankle protection, tennis shoes won’t do
it.
9. Report Unsafe Conditions: Foreman and supervisors can’t be everywhere at once, so take responsibility for letting
them know about any conditions that exposure your crew to hazards.
10. Follow The Rules: Job safety rules are written for your protection. Strive to be the best at what you do, but strive just
as hard to get home safely every night. It’s up to you!
Make It A Habit To Work Safely!
Monday, September 3, 2007
SLEEP LOSS & FATIGUE – A SAFETY HAZARD
There has been a lot of talk lately about a nationwide "sleep deficit." Apparently, people are not getting enough sleep.
Because of this, fatigue has been found to be a contributing factor in a number of high visibility accidents, such as Three
Mile Island, Chernobyl, and some air transport incidents. Assuming this is true, perhaps this is an important safety
concern.
Probably the greatest hazard associated with lack of sleep is the deterioration of physical and mental abilities that take
place when you are tired. It may take longer to think out a problem; your coordination may diminish and your reaction
time may be slowed. You know the feeling.. .you seem to be one step off, all day long. Fortunately, the problem is fairly
easy to resolve—get enough sleep. Most studies show that people need a good eight hours of uninterrupted sleep per
night. Some need more, some less. When the longer daylight hours of spring and summer arrive, it may be even more
tempting to stay up later in the evening, at the expense of rest. It's not a good idea to short yourself on the rest you need.
A number of factors heighten fatigue when you are already tired. Alcohol is a depressant, along with a number of other
drugs. A drink when you are tired will slow you down more than a drink when you are well rested. The alcohol will also
interfere with restful sleep when you do go to bed. Drinking when fatigued is not a good idea and when done to excess
can effect you the entire next day.
I’m sure you've seen the warnings on the side of prescription or over-the-counter medicine containers. "Warning...may
cause drowsiness. Do not drive or operate machinery when taking this medication." Unfortunately, many people ignore
this warning and put both themselves and others at risk of injury. Don’t tempt fate; heed the warning. NEVER mix
alcohol and drugs. This combination alone could be fatal. If you are given prescription drugs, be sure to ask your doctor
about the side effects. You will be better off staying at home, as opposed to going to work impaired.
When many people think of safety, they think of machine guarding, maintenance, and other mechanical factors. Let's not
forget the most important element in safety — the human factor. Your body is a sophisticated machine. It too requires
care, attention and adequate rest.
Because of this, fatigue has been found to be a contributing factor in a number of high visibility accidents, such as Three
Mile Island, Chernobyl, and some air transport incidents. Assuming this is true, perhaps this is an important safety
concern.
Probably the greatest hazard associated with lack of sleep is the deterioration of physical and mental abilities that take
place when you are tired. It may take longer to think out a problem; your coordination may diminish and your reaction
time may be slowed. You know the feeling.. .you seem to be one step off, all day long. Fortunately, the problem is fairly
easy to resolve—get enough sleep. Most studies show that people need a good eight hours of uninterrupted sleep per
night. Some need more, some less. When the longer daylight hours of spring and summer arrive, it may be even more
tempting to stay up later in the evening, at the expense of rest. It's not a good idea to short yourself on the rest you need.
A number of factors heighten fatigue when you are already tired. Alcohol is a depressant, along with a number of other
drugs. A drink when you are tired will slow you down more than a drink when you are well rested. The alcohol will also
interfere with restful sleep when you do go to bed. Drinking when fatigued is not a good idea and when done to excess
can effect you the entire next day.
I’m sure you've seen the warnings on the side of prescription or over-the-counter medicine containers. "Warning...may
cause drowsiness. Do not drive or operate machinery when taking this medication." Unfortunately, many people ignore
this warning and put both themselves and others at risk of injury. Don’t tempt fate; heed the warning. NEVER mix
alcohol and drugs. This combination alone could be fatal. If you are given prescription drugs, be sure to ask your doctor
about the side effects. You will be better off staying at home, as opposed to going to work impaired.
When many people think of safety, they think of machine guarding, maintenance, and other mechanical factors. Let's not
forget the most important element in safety — the human factor. Your body is a sophisticated machine. It too requires
care, attention and adequate rest.
Food For Thought
You have most likely heard the message that an impaired worker is an unsafe worker. Usually we think of a worker that
is impaired as one who comes to work under the influence of a chemical. Drugs and alcohol probably come first to your
mind when we talk about chemical impairment. Chemically, a healthy body is well balanced. Impairment occurs when
the drugs alter your blood chemistry. Can you think of another, subtler way in which blood chemistry can be altered?
The answer is surprisingly simple.
It is food or perhaps more commonly, the lack of food. Everyone that watches television has heard how important a good
breakfast is for children. It's a well-documented fact that children who start the day with a good breakfast do much better
in school. While the nutritional needs of adults are different than children, they are important and nutrition affects your
performance in all areas of your work, including safety.
Think back to the last time you were really hungry…what do you remember? Most likely, it was a dull ache in the pit of
your stomach, which successfully prevented you from thinking very long about anything other than how hungry you were.
To perform your job safely, you need to be concentrating on the task at hand, not, "when's lunch?" Inadequate nutrition
also decreases endurance, memory, arithmetic reasoning, reading ability and attention span. You may say that your job
doesn't require reading or arithmetic skills. However, decreases in performance in these areas are similarly experienced
when one is under the influence of drugs or alcohol. In other words, inadequate nutrition is an impairment.
While breakfast may be the day's most important meal, many people begin to fade around 2:00 or 3:00 p.m. Prevention
magazine reported that researchers found that performance increased significantly when a high calorie snack was eaten in
the afternoon, rather than drinking the more common diet soda.
The Food-for-Thought in this safety meeting is Eat Well. Have a nutritious breakfast, a healthy lunch, and a snack in the
afternoon. Eating nutritious foods or snacks maintains your metabolism, assisting you in sustaining or improving your job
performance and concentration on the job. This in turn can improve your personal safety performance and make you more
comfortable during the day by getting rid of that uncomfortable ache.
is impaired as one who comes to work under the influence of a chemical. Drugs and alcohol probably come first to your
mind when we talk about chemical impairment. Chemically, a healthy body is well balanced. Impairment occurs when
the drugs alter your blood chemistry. Can you think of another, subtler way in which blood chemistry can be altered?
The answer is surprisingly simple.
It is food or perhaps more commonly, the lack of food. Everyone that watches television has heard how important a good
breakfast is for children. It's a well-documented fact that children who start the day with a good breakfast do much better
in school. While the nutritional needs of adults are different than children, they are important and nutrition affects your
performance in all areas of your work, including safety.
Think back to the last time you were really hungry…what do you remember? Most likely, it was a dull ache in the pit of
your stomach, which successfully prevented you from thinking very long about anything other than how hungry you were.
To perform your job safely, you need to be concentrating on the task at hand, not, "when's lunch?" Inadequate nutrition
also decreases endurance, memory, arithmetic reasoning, reading ability and attention span. You may say that your job
doesn't require reading or arithmetic skills. However, decreases in performance in these areas are similarly experienced
when one is under the influence of drugs or alcohol. In other words, inadequate nutrition is an impairment.
While breakfast may be the day's most important meal, many people begin to fade around 2:00 or 3:00 p.m. Prevention
magazine reported that researchers found that performance increased significantly when a high calorie snack was eaten in
the afternoon, rather than drinking the more common diet soda.
The Food-for-Thought in this safety meeting is Eat Well. Have a nutritious breakfast, a healthy lunch, and a snack in the
afternoon. Eating nutritious foods or snacks maintains your metabolism, assisting you in sustaining or improving your job
performance and concentration on the job. This in turn can improve your personal safety performance and make you more
comfortable during the day by getting rid of that uncomfortable ache.
Paints and Painting
Modern day paints are complex chemical mixtures of pigments for color, binders that cause paint to adhere to surfaces, and solvents that make the application easier and smoother.
Pigments can contain hazardous materials such as lead, zinc, chromium, titanium dioxide, and silicates, as well as other hazardous substances. Binders can contain alkyd and epoxy resins that are classified as toxic.
Pigments and binders are dissolved in water or solvents, such as naptha, ether, xylene, mineral spirits or alcohol. When the paint is applied, solvents evaporate leaving behind pigments and binders.
The acute or immediate health hazards that can occur from exposure to paints are:
¨ INHALATION – Irritation of the throat and lungs, headaches, dizziness,
disorientation and unconsciousness
¨ EYE CONTACT – Chemical burns, loss of vision
¨ SKIN CONTACT – Irritation
¨ INGESTION – Abdominal pain and nausea
These symptoms will be noticed almost immediately. On the other hand, chronic effects or long term exposure can result
in the following:
¨ INHALATION – Liver or kidney damage
¨ SKIN CONTACT – Dermatitis or “sensitization.” Once sensitization occurs, even the slightest exposure may
result in severe reactions.
Paints containing lead can be harmful if inhaled or ingested. Continual exposure to even small amounts of lead can result
in lead poisoning. Symptoms are headache and dizziness. Marine bottom coatings are typically extremely toxic.
When using paints and associated products:
1. Be sure there is adequate ventilation.
2. Read and follow the Material Safety Data Sheet on the product.
3. Wear a properly fitted respirator and make sure it has the correct cartridge.
4. Wash your hands thoroughly before eating or smoking.
5. Dispose of paints and rags in proper containers.
6. Wear gloves, aprons, safety goggles and barrier creams as appropriate.
Pigments can contain hazardous materials such as lead, zinc, chromium, titanium dioxide, and silicates, as well as other hazardous substances. Binders can contain alkyd and epoxy resins that are classified as toxic.
Pigments and binders are dissolved in water or solvents, such as naptha, ether, xylene, mineral spirits or alcohol. When the paint is applied, solvents evaporate leaving behind pigments and binders.
The acute or immediate health hazards that can occur from exposure to paints are:
¨ INHALATION – Irritation of the throat and lungs, headaches, dizziness,
disorientation and unconsciousness
¨ EYE CONTACT – Chemical burns, loss of vision
¨ SKIN CONTACT – Irritation
¨ INGESTION – Abdominal pain and nausea
These symptoms will be noticed almost immediately. On the other hand, chronic effects or long term exposure can result
in the following:
¨ INHALATION – Liver or kidney damage
¨ SKIN CONTACT – Dermatitis or “sensitization.” Once sensitization occurs, even the slightest exposure may
result in severe reactions.
Paints containing lead can be harmful if inhaled or ingested. Continual exposure to even small amounts of lead can result
in lead poisoning. Symptoms are headache and dizziness. Marine bottom coatings are typically extremely toxic.
When using paints and associated products:
1. Be sure there is adequate ventilation.
2. Read and follow the Material Safety Data Sheet on the product.
3. Wear a properly fitted respirator and make sure it has the correct cartridge.
4. Wash your hands thoroughly before eating or smoking.
5. Dispose of paints and rags in proper containers.
6. Wear gloves, aprons, safety goggles and barrier creams as appropriate.
Saturday, September 1, 2007
A CLEAN JOB IS A SAFER JOB
In all working environments, whether at a job site, plant or office, one of the most challenging hazards to control is poor housekeeping. Keeping the work area clean is a full time, often frustrating task. And no matter how hard you try, it usually doesn’t stay clean for very long. Nevertheless it is critical to keep the work area free from clutter. And if one or two crew members are careless or untidy, the rest of the crew shouldn’t let that behavior lower the standards. The root cause of many accidents and injuries is found to be poor housekeeping. Typical injuries resulting from a cluttered environment are slips and trips, being struck by something, or striking against an object. How many times have you ignored a spill on the ground, walked past a blocked aisle way, or stepped over an object in the work area instead of moving it? Those are accidents waiting to happen!
Another hazard associated with poor housekeeping is fire. Excess trash, debris and oily rags can be fire starters. Overcrowding and improper storage of materials can block fire extinguishers and sprinkler heads, not to mention exit
doors. Good housekeeping should be part of everyone’s daily responsibilities. The results can be:
· Higher production levels
· Improved production time, and lower costs
· Better use of space
· Improved employee morale
· Lower accident rates
Here are some ways to help make “good housekeeping” a way of life:
1. Make sure all employees understand that housekeeping is part of their daily job duties.
2. Plan the job. Make sure there is adequate space for tools, raw materials, and finished products.
3. Make it easy to keep trash and debris off the floors by providing adequate trash bins.
4. Develop a routine cleaning schedule.
5. Encourage employees to report overcrowding or unsafe conditions.
6. Conduct frequent inspections of work areas.
7. Do not allow employees to eat, drink or smoke in the work area.
8. Don’t use boxes or barrels as chairs, doorstops, step stools or ladders.
9. Clearly mark physical hazards or areas of concern. Color code first aid, fire extinguisher and exit locations. Also
mark aisle ways, electrical panels and machine hazards.
10. Properly maintain the equipment. Proper lubrication and cleaning of machines lessen the chance for breakdown,
fluid leaks, etc.
Another hazard associated with poor housekeeping is fire. Excess trash, debris and oily rags can be fire starters. Overcrowding and improper storage of materials can block fire extinguishers and sprinkler heads, not to mention exit
doors. Good housekeeping should be part of everyone’s daily responsibilities. The results can be:
· Higher production levels
· Improved production time, and lower costs
· Better use of space
· Improved employee morale
· Lower accident rates
Here are some ways to help make “good housekeeping” a way of life:
1. Make sure all employees understand that housekeeping is part of their daily job duties.
2. Plan the job. Make sure there is adequate space for tools, raw materials, and finished products.
3. Make it easy to keep trash and debris off the floors by providing adequate trash bins.
4. Develop a routine cleaning schedule.
5. Encourage employees to report overcrowding or unsafe conditions.
6. Conduct frequent inspections of work areas.
7. Do not allow employees to eat, drink or smoke in the work area.
8. Don’t use boxes or barrels as chairs, doorstops, step stools or ladders.
9. Clearly mark physical hazards or areas of concern. Color code first aid, fire extinguisher and exit locations. Also
mark aisle ways, electrical panels and machine hazards.
10. Properly maintain the equipment. Proper lubrication and cleaning of machines lessen the chance for breakdown,
fluid leaks, etc.
PCB’S – A HEALTH HAZARD TO ALL
POLYCHLORINATED BI-PHENYLS (PCB’s) are a common chemical hazard, in spite of the fact that use has been banned since 1979. They are widely used in older electrical equipment as an insulating (di-electric) fluid. They generally have a consistency of light machine oil. They are noted for their high resistance to electrical flow, non-reactivity and low vaporization rates.
Normally, PCBs are found in sealed electrical equipment such as capacitors and transformers, and as such, do not provide a common problem. However, if they leak from electrical components, a substantial exposure results, and the equipment
should not be handled.
Special precautions must also be taken to dispose of damaged items containing PCB. If you encounter old, discarded electrical equipment covered by an oily substance, DO NOT HANDLE IT! Notify your supervisor immediately, as the substance may be PCB. If you are accidentally contaminated by a suspected PCB fluid, wash the affected area
immediately with warm, soapy water. Do not wait!
A much greater health threat exists if PCB’s are involved in a fire. They can then vaporize which means the smoke they create can be extremely toxic. Further, PCB’s undergo chemical change and break down into various DIOXINS or FURANS, which are some of the most toxic substances known to man—even more deadly than cyanide.
Do not fight fires in electrical service rooms, or any affected electrical equipment, if PCB’s are present or suspected! Personnel in the immediate area should be evacuated upwind, and out of range of the smoke. Under no circumstances should attempts at fire fighting be made inside a building that contains burning PCB’s except to save human life trapped inside—and then only by firefighters with proper equipment and training. Not only can DIOXINS be breathed, but they
can also be absorbed through the skin.
Evidence regarding the cancer-causing propensities of PCB’s is conflicting. NIOSH lists PCB’s as a “suspected” carcinogen. However, if altered by fire into a DIOXIN state, they are deadly. Even after a PCB fire is extinguished, severe hazards remain. The soot, ash and fire fighting residues will all contain toxic material, so clean-up should be completed only by specially trained and equipped specialists.
The way to avoid the problems posed by a world containing PCB’s is to AVOID CONTACT, and by using extraordinary measures of fire protection. Use good housekeeping, Keep combustibles away from electrical panel boxes and the like. Keep dry chemical fire extinguishers available to extinguish small fires near electrical equipment. Post fire watches when welding near electrical components.
PCB’s are a serious hazard that warrants precaution.Take great care to avoid exposure!
Normally, PCBs are found in sealed electrical equipment such as capacitors and transformers, and as such, do not provide a common problem. However, if they leak from electrical components, a substantial exposure results, and the equipment
should not be handled.
Special precautions must also be taken to dispose of damaged items containing PCB. If you encounter old, discarded electrical equipment covered by an oily substance, DO NOT HANDLE IT! Notify your supervisor immediately, as the substance may be PCB. If you are accidentally contaminated by a suspected PCB fluid, wash the affected area
immediately with warm, soapy water. Do not wait!
A much greater health threat exists if PCB’s are involved in a fire. They can then vaporize which means the smoke they create can be extremely toxic. Further, PCB’s undergo chemical change and break down into various DIOXINS or FURANS, which are some of the most toxic substances known to man—even more deadly than cyanide.
Do not fight fires in electrical service rooms, or any affected electrical equipment, if PCB’s are present or suspected! Personnel in the immediate area should be evacuated upwind, and out of range of the smoke. Under no circumstances should attempts at fire fighting be made inside a building that contains burning PCB’s except to save human life trapped inside—and then only by firefighters with proper equipment and training. Not only can DIOXINS be breathed, but they
can also be absorbed through the skin.
Evidence regarding the cancer-causing propensities of PCB’s is conflicting. NIOSH lists PCB’s as a “suspected” carcinogen. However, if altered by fire into a DIOXIN state, they are deadly. Even after a PCB fire is extinguished, severe hazards remain. The soot, ash and fire fighting residues will all contain toxic material, so clean-up should be completed only by specially trained and equipped specialists.
The way to avoid the problems posed by a world containing PCB’s is to AVOID CONTACT, and by using extraordinary measures of fire protection. Use good housekeeping, Keep combustibles away from electrical panel boxes and the like. Keep dry chemical fire extinguishers available to extinguish small fires near electrical equipment. Post fire watches when welding near electrical components.
PCB’s are a serious hazard that warrants precaution.Take great care to avoid exposure!
LOOK OUT BELOW!
When you are working overhead — on a roof, a ladder, or a scaffold—look out for anyone who may be working below. Most of us would feel pretty bad if we dropped a tool or debris that caused an injury to someone else. Why take a chance? Here are a few ways you can prevent this from happening.
When working overhead, keep track of where your tools are so they don’t get knocked off. As much as possible, they should be kept in your tool belt, or a toolbox or bucket. Don’t take any tools aloft unless you need them for the job you’re doing.
When climbing a ladder, put your tools in a bucket and hoist the bucket to the work area with a rope. Trying to hang onto tools with one hand while climbing a ladder is a sure way to cause injury to someone below—and may cause you to fall from the ladder yourself.
If a power tool is heavy and bulky, tie it off so it can’t slip out of your hands and fall to the ground. Scaffolds should always have a toe board in place so you won’t accidentally kick something on the platform over the side.
When cleaning up scraps or debris while working aloft, don’t throw anything over the edge. All debris should be dropped through a chute, or craned down to the ground in a barrel or other trash container. Resist the temptation to get rid of a bit of trash by tossing it over the side. It’s not enough just to check below to see if the area clear. This is a bad habit both for safety and for housekeeping.
Always avoid injuries to your own head by wearing your hard hat at all times on the job. Hard-hats are mandatory on most construction projects, ship repairing and stevedoring, where there is exposure to head injury from overhead falling objects. This requirement saves many lives each year, and could save yours too if you happen to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Play it safe with your tools and materials when working above ground. Shortcuts often result in incidents that can hurt you and your fellow workers.
When working overhead, keep track of where your tools are so they don’t get knocked off. As much as possible, they should be kept in your tool belt, or a toolbox or bucket. Don’t take any tools aloft unless you need them for the job you’re doing.
When climbing a ladder, put your tools in a bucket and hoist the bucket to the work area with a rope. Trying to hang onto tools with one hand while climbing a ladder is a sure way to cause injury to someone below—and may cause you to fall from the ladder yourself.
If a power tool is heavy and bulky, tie it off so it can’t slip out of your hands and fall to the ground. Scaffolds should always have a toe board in place so you won’t accidentally kick something on the platform over the side.
When cleaning up scraps or debris while working aloft, don’t throw anything over the edge. All debris should be dropped through a chute, or craned down to the ground in a barrel or other trash container. Resist the temptation to get rid of a bit of trash by tossing it over the side. It’s not enough just to check below to see if the area clear. This is a bad habit both for safety and for housekeeping.
Always avoid injuries to your own head by wearing your hard hat at all times on the job. Hard-hats are mandatory on most construction projects, ship repairing and stevedoring, where there is exposure to head injury from overhead falling objects. This requirement saves many lives each year, and could save yours too if you happen to be in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Play it safe with your tools and materials when working above ground. Shortcuts often result in incidents that can hurt you and your fellow workers.
Thursday, August 30, 2007
EYE INFECTIONS-CLEANLINESS IS THE KEY
Your eye has some natural protection but does not have much in the way of a built-in defense against infection. There are few blood vessels in the eye so the eye does not heal as fast as other parts of the body. Your retina (one of many eye parts) is made up mostly of nerves, which do not re-grow if injured. Because of the lack of built-in defenses, the eye is more likely to suffer permanent damage from injury than for example, a finger.
Unfortunately, a cut caused by a foreign body or a burn caused by a chemical splash can open the eye up to a secondary type of injury.
This can be more dangerous to the eye’s health than the original cut or burn. This threat is infection.
We have all had an infected cut at one time or another. Remember how painful it was? Now think of an infection that involves your eye. In this case, it is not just the pain that is the concern, it is the damage done by the infection itself.
How do you reduce the likelihood of infection? First, take precautions to avoid injury. If you are smart, you wear proper eye protection whenever necessary. Without an open wound, the risk of infection drops dramatically. If you do get a foreign body in your eye, get medical attention as soon as possible. Do not wait until he next day. It’s not going to get better by itself. If you receive an irritation or burn, begin flushing the eye immediately with a sterile eye wash solution. The usual recommended flushing time is 15 to 30 minutes if the injury is caused by a chemical splash. If there is the danger of a chemical splash, read the first aid section of the label before using the product. You will need to remember the first aid information because if you do get splashed in the eye, you will not be in a position to begin reading at that point in time.
Tap water should be used only in an emergency. Tap water can contain chemicals and other impurities that may not harm you if you drink them, but can cause infection if poured in your eye’s wound. Sterile solutions are only sterile until the cap on the container is opened for the first time. For this reason, eyewash bottles should be used only once. If an eye wash is not sterile, you could be compounding your injury by using it. Don’t make this mistake. Keep eye wash bottles clean and sealed until needed. Once a bottle has been opened, throw it away. If you have an eyewash station in your facility, keep it clean with the nozzle covers in place until needed.
Eye injuries are bad enough by themselves. Don’t make a bad situation worse. The longer you delay treatment, the worse the situation becomes. Always get prompt attention. Cleanliness is the key.
Remember… prevent the eye injury by using appropriate personal protective equipment and you won’t need to worry about the potential of an eye infection.
Unfortunately, a cut caused by a foreign body or a burn caused by a chemical splash can open the eye up to a secondary type of injury.
This can be more dangerous to the eye’s health than the original cut or burn. This threat is infection.
We have all had an infected cut at one time or another. Remember how painful it was? Now think of an infection that involves your eye. In this case, it is not just the pain that is the concern, it is the damage done by the infection itself.
How do you reduce the likelihood of infection? First, take precautions to avoid injury. If you are smart, you wear proper eye protection whenever necessary. Without an open wound, the risk of infection drops dramatically. If you do get a foreign body in your eye, get medical attention as soon as possible. Do not wait until he next day. It’s not going to get better by itself. If you receive an irritation or burn, begin flushing the eye immediately with a sterile eye wash solution. The usual recommended flushing time is 15 to 30 minutes if the injury is caused by a chemical splash. If there is the danger of a chemical splash, read the first aid section of the label before using the product. You will need to remember the first aid information because if you do get splashed in the eye, you will not be in a position to begin reading at that point in time.
Tap water should be used only in an emergency. Tap water can contain chemicals and other impurities that may not harm you if you drink them, but can cause infection if poured in your eye’s wound. Sterile solutions are only sterile until the cap on the container is opened for the first time. For this reason, eyewash bottles should be used only once. If an eye wash is not sterile, you could be compounding your injury by using it. Don’t make this mistake. Keep eye wash bottles clean and sealed until needed. Once a bottle has been opened, throw it away. If you have an eyewash station in your facility, keep it clean with the nozzle covers in place until needed.
Eye injuries are bad enough by themselves. Don’t make a bad situation worse. The longer you delay treatment, the worse the situation becomes. Always get prompt attention. Cleanliness is the key.
Remember… prevent the eye injury by using appropriate personal protective equipment and you won’t need to worry about the potential of an eye infection.
HOUSEKEEPING IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF YOUR JOB
Neither the company nor your co-workers are your mother! What do we mean by that? When you were young, your mother had to constantly remind you to pick up after yourself. As an adult you have the responsibility to clean-up after yourself, even though there are times when reminders are still needed.
Housekeeping is a very important part of your everyday job. Not only does it improve the overall appearance of the shop or work area, it shows that you take pride in where you work. Perhaps most importantly, good housekeeping is strongly linked to the prevention of accidents and injuries. The best way that you can help keep your work place clean is to pick up after yourself! Don’t leave it for the next shift or another craft to worry about.
Here are some reasons to keep your work area clean:
1. Lack of clutter and debris will reduce slip, trip and fall hazards.
2. Increased production. You will have less wasted time looking for a misplaced tool or critical piece of material. Putting your tools away after you have used them, means you will always know where to find them everytime a task requires them.
3. If someone unfortunately falls because of materials you left on the floor, you would (and should) feel guilty for being a causal factor in the accident.
4. Clutter and piled debris create a potential fire hazard. Removing unneeded combustibles from the work area reduces this hazard. No one wants to lose a job, and a fire stops the company from doing business.
Here are some tips to maintain a clean work area:
1. Plan the job. Make a list of the needed tools and materials. This will help minimize unnecessary clutter around your work area.
2. Develop a routine habit for cleaning up at the end of the shift, or periodically during the shift.
3. Keep your tools put away. This allows them to found quickly when needed, and keeps them in better condition.
4. Don’t eat, drink or smoke in the work area, not only because of litter problems but also because of hygiene concerns—contaminated food can make you sick.
5. This is not an all inclusive list. The point is, take responsibility for yourself and your work area!
Remember, a clean work area improves your safety and helps improve production too!
Housekeeping is a very important part of your everyday job. Not only does it improve the overall appearance of the shop or work area, it shows that you take pride in where you work. Perhaps most importantly, good housekeeping is strongly linked to the prevention of accidents and injuries. The best way that you can help keep your work place clean is to pick up after yourself! Don’t leave it for the next shift or another craft to worry about.
Here are some reasons to keep your work area clean:
1. Lack of clutter and debris will reduce slip, trip and fall hazards.
2. Increased production. You will have less wasted time looking for a misplaced tool or critical piece of material. Putting your tools away after you have used them, means you will always know where to find them everytime a task requires them.
3. If someone unfortunately falls because of materials you left on the floor, you would (and should) feel guilty for being a causal factor in the accident.
4. Clutter and piled debris create a potential fire hazard. Removing unneeded combustibles from the work area reduces this hazard. No one wants to lose a job, and a fire stops the company from doing business.
Here are some tips to maintain a clean work area:
1. Plan the job. Make a list of the needed tools and materials. This will help minimize unnecessary clutter around your work area.
2. Develop a routine habit for cleaning up at the end of the shift, or periodically during the shift.
3. Keep your tools put away. This allows them to found quickly when needed, and keeps them in better condition.
4. Don’t eat, drink or smoke in the work area, not only because of litter problems but also because of hygiene concerns—contaminated food can make you sick.
5. This is not an all inclusive list. The point is, take responsibility for yourself and your work area!
Remember, a clean work area improves your safety and helps improve production too!
HOW HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS ENTER YOUR BODY
Watch out! Your body can be invaded, and you may not know it is happening. Toxic chemicals used in the workplace can enter the body in three primary ways: inhalation, absorption, and ingestion. All are to be avoided!
Breathing: The easiest, most common way for toxic chemicals to enter your body is through inhalation. Once inhaled, poisonous chemicals can be absorbed into your lungs and then into your bloodstream. Once in your blood, these
chemicals may be deposited or stored in your vital organs. At that point, serious damage may already be done! Carbon monoxide is a good example of an odorless gas that enters the body through the bloodstream and, at high levels, can kill a person within minutes.
Skin Contact: Chemicals can also be absorbed into the bloodstream through the skin. This is more likely to happen if your skin has been cut. The bloodstream carries these chemicals throughout your body and they may end up in your
internal organs, often causing serious damage. Substances that are readily absorbed through the skin include common solvents, fuels and thinners. In general, the absorption rate, or how quickly a chemical is absorbed through the skin,
increases with warmer temperatures and increased sweating.
Swallowed: Workers often unknowingly eat or drink toxic chemicals. Harmful dust, fumes or mists in the air may settle
on food, drinks, or cigarettes. Chemicals on your hands may also be transferred to your mouth. Once swallowed, these substances are absorbed by the stomach or intestines and enter into the bloodstream—finally coming to rest in vital
organs.
Without precautions, toxic chemicals have an easy time getting into your body. Once inside, your body’s defenses against these invaders are weak. You usually cannot completely rid yourself of harmful chemicals that get past body surfaces.
As a result, long-term exposures and chemical buildup in the body often result in serious health consequences. Don’t take chances! Protect yourself, by taking appropriate safety measures on the job:
Ö Be aware of the chemicals being used in your workplace.
Ö Always wash your hands before eating.
Ö Wear gloves and other protective equipment and clothing.
Ö Always use respirators when appropriate.
Breathing: The easiest, most common way for toxic chemicals to enter your body is through inhalation. Once inhaled, poisonous chemicals can be absorbed into your lungs and then into your bloodstream. Once in your blood, these
chemicals may be deposited or stored in your vital organs. At that point, serious damage may already be done! Carbon monoxide is a good example of an odorless gas that enters the body through the bloodstream and, at high levels, can kill a person within minutes.
Skin Contact: Chemicals can also be absorbed into the bloodstream through the skin. This is more likely to happen if your skin has been cut. The bloodstream carries these chemicals throughout your body and they may end up in your
internal organs, often causing serious damage. Substances that are readily absorbed through the skin include common solvents, fuels and thinners. In general, the absorption rate, or how quickly a chemical is absorbed through the skin,
increases with warmer temperatures and increased sweating.
Swallowed: Workers often unknowingly eat or drink toxic chemicals. Harmful dust, fumes or mists in the air may settle
on food, drinks, or cigarettes. Chemicals on your hands may also be transferred to your mouth. Once swallowed, these substances are absorbed by the stomach or intestines and enter into the bloodstream—finally coming to rest in vital
organs.
Without precautions, toxic chemicals have an easy time getting into your body. Once inside, your body’s defenses against these invaders are weak. You usually cannot completely rid yourself of harmful chemicals that get past body surfaces.
As a result, long-term exposures and chemical buildup in the body often result in serious health consequences. Don’t take chances! Protect yourself, by taking appropriate safety measures on the job:
Ö Be aware of the chemicals being used in your workplace.
Ö Always wash your hands before eating.
Ö Wear gloves and other protective equipment and clothing.
Ö Always use respirators when appropriate.
Tuesday, August 28, 2007
Don't Give Fire A Chance
There's plenty of air, plenty of fuel, and plenty of ignition sources around construction sites–so we've all got to be on our toes to prevent fire. Here are some ways to keep the job from going up in smoke:
· Help keep the site clean. Store combustible materials away from ignition
sources.
· Report any possible fire hazards that you notice: open flames, sparks, and
electrical equipment that appears to need repairs.
· On hot-work jobs, be sure combustibles are safe from ignition. Have a fire
extinguisher handy for welding and cutting operations, or when open flame
equipment is used.
· Help protect temporary electric wiring from possible damage. In case of a
fire in or near live electrical equipment, use a dry chemical extinguisher,
and not water.
· Don't smoke near flammables, in "No Smoking" areas, or while re-fueling
equipment. Make sure cigarettes and matches are out.
· Always use approved safety cans or the original manufacturer's container to
store flammable liquids. Keep these containers closed when not in use, and
never store them near exits or passageways.
· Clean up any spills as soon as they occur. Put saturated rags into closed
metal containers.
· Watch to see that canvas tarps, plastic sheeting or other ignitables don't
get close to space heaters. Take care to see that heaters aren't
accidentally tipped over.
· Know where the closest fire-protection equipment is located, and how to use
it. Check to see that fire-fighting equipment is in the clear, in proper
condition, and ready for instant use.
We should always try to prevent any fire incident to happen either in workplace or at home. Be observant. Look out for any hazard that might cause fire.
· Help keep the site clean. Store combustible materials away from ignition
sources.
· Report any possible fire hazards that you notice: open flames, sparks, and
electrical equipment that appears to need repairs.
· On hot-work jobs, be sure combustibles are safe from ignition. Have a fire
extinguisher handy for welding and cutting operations, or when open flame
equipment is used.
· Help protect temporary electric wiring from possible damage. In case of a
fire in or near live electrical equipment, use a dry chemical extinguisher,
and not water.
· Don't smoke near flammables, in "No Smoking" areas, or while re-fueling
equipment. Make sure cigarettes and matches are out.
· Always use approved safety cans or the original manufacturer's container to
store flammable liquids. Keep these containers closed when not in use, and
never store them near exits or passageways.
· Clean up any spills as soon as they occur. Put saturated rags into closed
metal containers.
· Watch to see that canvas tarps, plastic sheeting or other ignitables don't
get close to space heaters. Take care to see that heaters aren't
accidentally tipped over.
· Know where the closest fire-protection equipment is located, and how to use
it. Check to see that fire-fighting equipment is in the clear, in proper
condition, and ready for instant use.
We should always try to prevent any fire incident to happen either in workplace or at home. Be observant. Look out for any hazard that might cause fire.
CONCRETE SAFETY
Concrete is composed of cement, sand, aggregate (sized stones), and water. When mixed in the correct amounts, concrete is a stable and versatile building medium which can be used in a variety of applications ranging from roads, bridges and buildings, to septic tanks and even countertops for household use. The versatility in building application is accomplished by altering the proportions of air and other variables in the mixture. Strengthening materials such as re-bar, fiberglass strands, and plastic rods are then added.
For your protection, the following precautions should be adhered to when working with concrete:
- Try not to over-exert yourself when mixing or moving concrete, especially when using a wheelbarrow, shovel, or trough. Concrete is extremely heavy and caution must be taken to avoid back, shoulder, or other muscle strains. Keeping yourself physically fit and performing pre-work stretching exercises can aid in injury prevention.
- Always wear safety glasses when mixing or pouring concrete. The lime and cement dust can be very irritating to the eyes. If it enters your eyes, rinse for 15 minutes. If eyes are still irritated, seek medical attention.
- Always wear gloves and a long sleeve shirt, if possible, when working with concrete. The cement can cause irritation when it comes into contact with skin. Lime burns are common in the industry but can be lessened by barrier creams or gloves to protect hands and forearms from industrial dermatitis.
- Read and heed the manufacturers' recommendations on concrete additives, acids for etching, form release oils, or other chemicals used in conjunction with concrete.
If you have any questions regarding the products you're using or would like more information on how to protect yourself when working with concrete, ask your supervisor for assistance. Your supervisor should be able to recommend the correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for your specific task and can provide you with the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
If your supervisor did not have the information that you need, you can always check back here or ask me directly through e-mail and i would be glad to help if i can.
For your protection, the following precautions should be adhered to when working with concrete:
- Try not to over-exert yourself when mixing or moving concrete, especially when using a wheelbarrow, shovel, or trough. Concrete is extremely heavy and caution must be taken to avoid back, shoulder, or other muscle strains. Keeping yourself physically fit and performing pre-work stretching exercises can aid in injury prevention.
- Always wear safety glasses when mixing or pouring concrete. The lime and cement dust can be very irritating to the eyes. If it enters your eyes, rinse for 15 minutes. If eyes are still irritated, seek medical attention.
- Always wear gloves and a long sleeve shirt, if possible, when working with concrete. The cement can cause irritation when it comes into contact with skin. Lime burns are common in the industry but can be lessened by barrier creams or gloves to protect hands and forearms from industrial dermatitis.
- Read and heed the manufacturers' recommendations on concrete additives, acids for etching, form release oils, or other chemicals used in conjunction with concrete.
If you have any questions regarding the products you're using or would like more information on how to protect yourself when working with concrete, ask your supervisor for assistance. Your supervisor should be able to recommend the correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for your specific task and can provide you with the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
If your supervisor did not have the information that you need, you can always check back here or ask me directly through e-mail and i would be glad to help if i can.
HEARING PROTECTION
Imagine what it would be like to live without being able to hear! Hearing enables you to carry on a conversation, to enjoy your favorite music on your CD player at home or on your truck or car radio. On the job you can hear the back-up alarms on bi-directional earthmoving equipment, or the warning sound of a crane horn letting you know that the crane is about to swing around or move a load overhead. Think about it -- if you lost the ability to hear, you most certainly would also lose your job.
Many areas around the work site have high noise levels and each of us needs to take the proper steps in preventing injury to our hearing. Subpart E of the OSHA Standard addresses hearing protection and it states that where feasible, engineering and administrative controls shall be utilized to protect workers from sound levels in excess of Permissible Noise Exposure Table. This table tells us that we can work in an area 8 hours a day with a decibel level of 90. We can also work in an area of 100 decibels, but only for 2.hours. Finally, at the high end of the table we can only work 15 minutes in an area of 115 decibels.
Exposure to impulsive or impart noise should not exceed 140 decibel peak sound pressure level.
When engineering and administrative controls fail to reduce sound levels, ear protective devices (ear plugs, ear muffs) shall be provided by your employer and they must be used! Plain cotton is not an acceptable protective device.
Our employer is responsible for requiring the wearing of hearing protection in all operations where there is exposure to high noise levels. As an employee, obey warning signs that tell you hearing protection is required - use common sense -- if the noise is loud, use protection.
Both loud and impulse noise can slowly destroy your hearing. Wearing protection is your best bet against hearing loss. Wear ear muffs or plugs -- they can make the difference.
WHEN OPERATING EQUIPMENT NEAR POWER LINES, YOU MUST USE EXTREME CAUTION. IF THE LINE IS LESS THAN 50 kv, THE MINIMUM SAFE DISTANCE IS 10 FEET.
Many areas around the work site have high noise levels and each of us needs to take the proper steps in preventing injury to our hearing. Subpart E of the OSHA Standard addresses hearing protection and it states that where feasible, engineering and administrative controls shall be utilized to protect workers from sound levels in excess of Permissible Noise Exposure Table. This table tells us that we can work in an area 8 hours a day with a decibel level of 90. We can also work in an area of 100 decibels, but only for 2.hours. Finally, at the high end of the table we can only work 15 minutes in an area of 115 decibels.
Exposure to impulsive or impart noise should not exceed 140 decibel peak sound pressure level.
When engineering and administrative controls fail to reduce sound levels, ear protective devices (ear plugs, ear muffs) shall be provided by your employer and they must be used! Plain cotton is not an acceptable protective device.
Our employer is responsible for requiring the wearing of hearing protection in all operations where there is exposure to high noise levels. As an employee, obey warning signs that tell you hearing protection is required - use common sense -- if the noise is loud, use protection.
Both loud and impulse noise can slowly destroy your hearing. Wearing protection is your best bet against hearing loss. Wear ear muffs or plugs -- they can make the difference.
WHEN OPERATING EQUIPMENT NEAR POWER LINES, YOU MUST USE EXTREME CAUTION. IF THE LINE IS LESS THAN 50 kv, THE MINIMUM SAFE DISTANCE IS 10 FEET.
Monday, August 27, 2007
EVERYONE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SAFETY
Safety is everyone's responsibility! As am employee, you should:
a. Learn to work safely and take all rules seriously.
b. Recognize hazards and avoid them.
c. Report all accidents, injuries and illness to your supervisor immediately.
d. Inspect tools before use to avoid injury.
e. Wear all assigned personal protective equipment.
On the other hand, it is management's responsibility to:
a. Provide a safe and healthy workplace.
b. Provide personal protective equipment.
c. Train employees in safe procedures and in how to identify hazards.
Everyone must be aware of potential hazards on the job:
a. Poor housekeeping results in slips, trips and falls.
b. Electricity can cause shocks, burns or fire if not handled properly.
c. Poor material handling may cause back problems or other injuries.
d. Tools and equipment can cause injuries if guards or protective devices are disengaged.
Always use the protections that are provided on the job:
a. Guards on machines and tools keep body parts from contacting moving equipment.
b. Insulation on electrical equipment prevents burns, shock and fire.
c. Lockout/tagout assure equipment is de-energized before it is repaired.
d. Personal protective equipment shields your body from hazards you may face on the job.
In case of emergency:
a. Understand alarms and evacuation routes.
b. Know how to notify emergency response personnel.
c. Implement a procedure for leaving the scene safely so emergency personnel can do their job.
d. Wipe up spills promptly and correctly.
Safety benefits everyone! By incorporating safety rules, employees avoid injury as well as illness from exposure to hazardous substances. With less injuries, a business can be more productive and profitable. The welfare of the community is also enhanced by providing cleaner air and water and less chance of dangerous accidents that can put lives and property at risk.
a. Learn to work safely and take all rules seriously.
b. Recognize hazards and avoid them.
c. Report all accidents, injuries and illness to your supervisor immediately.
d. Inspect tools before use to avoid injury.
e. Wear all assigned personal protective equipment.
On the other hand, it is management's responsibility to:
a. Provide a safe and healthy workplace.
b. Provide personal protective equipment.
c. Train employees in safe procedures and in how to identify hazards.
Everyone must be aware of potential hazards on the job:
a. Poor housekeeping results in slips, trips and falls.
b. Electricity can cause shocks, burns or fire if not handled properly.
c. Poor material handling may cause back problems or other injuries.
d. Tools and equipment can cause injuries if guards or protective devices are disengaged.
Always use the protections that are provided on the job:
a. Guards on machines and tools keep body parts from contacting moving equipment.
b. Insulation on electrical equipment prevents burns, shock and fire.
c. Lockout/tagout assure equipment is de-energized before it is repaired.
d. Personal protective equipment shields your body from hazards you may face on the job.
In case of emergency:
a. Understand alarms and evacuation routes.
b. Know how to notify emergency response personnel.
c. Implement a procedure for leaving the scene safely so emergency personnel can do their job.
d. Wipe up spills promptly and correctly.
Safety benefits everyone! By incorporating safety rules, employees avoid injury as well as illness from exposure to hazardous substances. With less injuries, a business can be more productive and profitable. The welfare of the community is also enhanced by providing cleaner air and water and less chance of dangerous accidents that can put lives and property at risk.
CUTS AND BURNS
Nicks, cuts, scratches and burns. Minor injuries that can occur to any one of us no matter how careful we are. Minor injuries to the skin that are often ignored. But it must be remembered that skin is a vital organ; one that should not be ignored. Not only is skin the largest bodily organ, it also keeps the good stuff in and the bad stuff out. So what do you do when you get a minor injury? If you are like many, you realize a doctor's visit is not necessary and try to treat the injury yourself. How do you know when to seek professional treatment? How do you treat injuries that do not require a doctor's visit?
Cuts:
Cuts require immediate professional attention if:
- There is severe bleeding, especially arterial wounds, which literally pump blood from the body.
- Puncture wounds, such as those caused by a rusty nail or animal bite. These will require a
tetanus booster shot.
- Cuts more than one half inch long and one quarter inch deep, which will require stitches.
To treat any cuts, first stop the bleeding and then treat to prevent infection. Place a sterile gauze (or if you do not have any gauze, a clean cloth) over the wound and hold it until the bleeding stops. Apply pressure continuously. If the gauze or cloth soaks through, simply place another cloth over the first and resume the pressure. When the bleeding has stopped, wash the cut with soap and water, followed by a disinfectant. If the bleeding does not stop, get professional treatment. After the cut is clean, look for any foreign object(s) in the cut and remove them. If you do not, a threatening infection may set in. To aid in keeping the wound clean while it heals, you can cover it with a bandage. However, if you use a bandage, remember it will need attention too. Change it twice daily and use an antibiotic cream to prevent further infection. Keep in mind that wounds exposed to air heal faster. But it is also very important to keep a wound clean and dry to prevent infection.
Treatment for a scrape is the same, except you do not have to worry about stopping blood flow as there is very little.
Burns:
Burns are classified as first, second, or third degree. A first degree burn causes redness. Blistering is caused by a second degree burn. Charred, blackened or blanched skin are signs of a third degree burn. Furthermore, burns can be caused by heat (thermal burns) or by contact with chemicals. Seek professional, medical treatment for:
- All third degree burns.
- Second degree burns involving more than one fifth of the body or if the burn has
affected the face, hands, feet, or genitalia.
First aid treatment for a burn involves relief of pain, infection prevention and treatment or prevention of shock. If a burn begins to blister, cool it by placing your hand or foot in cold, still (not running) water. You will need to use an ice pack on any other part of the body. Gently clean the burn and cover the area with a sterile, non-stick gauze. Change the dressing twice a day. Never puncture a blister. This just opens the door for infection. Never use butter, oils, or petroleum jelly on burns.
If the burn is due to a chemical exposure, flush the burned area with running water for at least 15 minutes. While you flush, remove any contaminated clothing, especially clothing in the area of the burn. Check the first aid instructions for the chemical. These are found on the container and/or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Treat as specified. Cover the burn with a clean dressing and call a doctor.
If a third degree burn is involved, get professional medical treatment quickly. Call an ambulance first. While awaiting professional help, make sure any fire is out and/or remove the victim from the burn source. DO NOT REMOVE ANY CLOTHING OR APPLY ANY DRESSINGS. Treat for shock and make sure the victim is still breathing.
Use common sense in all situations. Maintain a well stocked first aid kit and be familiar with first aid procedures. Being knowledgeable and prepared may be the smartest first step of all.
Cuts:
Cuts require immediate professional attention if:
- There is severe bleeding, especially arterial wounds, which literally pump blood from the body.
- Puncture wounds, such as those caused by a rusty nail or animal bite. These will require a
tetanus booster shot.
- Cuts more than one half inch long and one quarter inch deep, which will require stitches.
To treat any cuts, first stop the bleeding and then treat to prevent infection. Place a sterile gauze (or if you do not have any gauze, a clean cloth) over the wound and hold it until the bleeding stops. Apply pressure continuously. If the gauze or cloth soaks through, simply place another cloth over the first and resume the pressure. When the bleeding has stopped, wash the cut with soap and water, followed by a disinfectant. If the bleeding does not stop, get professional treatment. After the cut is clean, look for any foreign object(s) in the cut and remove them. If you do not, a threatening infection may set in. To aid in keeping the wound clean while it heals, you can cover it with a bandage. However, if you use a bandage, remember it will need attention too. Change it twice daily and use an antibiotic cream to prevent further infection. Keep in mind that wounds exposed to air heal faster. But it is also very important to keep a wound clean and dry to prevent infection.
Treatment for a scrape is the same, except you do not have to worry about stopping blood flow as there is very little.
Burns:
Burns are classified as first, second, or third degree. A first degree burn causes redness. Blistering is caused by a second degree burn. Charred, blackened or blanched skin are signs of a third degree burn. Furthermore, burns can be caused by heat (thermal burns) or by contact with chemicals. Seek professional, medical treatment for:
- All third degree burns.
- Second degree burns involving more than one fifth of the body or if the burn has
affected the face, hands, feet, or genitalia.
First aid treatment for a burn involves relief of pain, infection prevention and treatment or prevention of shock. If a burn begins to blister, cool it by placing your hand or foot in cold, still (not running) water. You will need to use an ice pack on any other part of the body. Gently clean the burn and cover the area with a sterile, non-stick gauze. Change the dressing twice a day. Never puncture a blister. This just opens the door for infection. Never use butter, oils, or petroleum jelly on burns.
If the burn is due to a chemical exposure, flush the burned area with running water for at least 15 minutes. While you flush, remove any contaminated clothing, especially clothing in the area of the burn. Check the first aid instructions for the chemical. These are found on the container and/or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Treat as specified. Cover the burn with a clean dressing and call a doctor.
If a third degree burn is involved, get professional medical treatment quickly. Call an ambulance first. While awaiting professional help, make sure any fire is out and/or remove the victim from the burn source. DO NOT REMOVE ANY CLOTHING OR APPLY ANY DRESSINGS. Treat for shock and make sure the victim is still breathing.
Use common sense in all situations. Maintain a well stocked first aid kit and be familiar with first aid procedures. Being knowledgeable and prepared may be the smartest first step of all.
ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR
Humans instinctively seek to avoid pain and death. And yet, we may behave in a manner that is a threat to our well-being. There are a couple of reasons why this occurs. The first is lack of knowledge. What you do not know, can hurt you!. The second reason we may act in a risky manner is attitude. Now might be a good time to do a quick self-analysis. What is your attitude toward safety?
When asked, some may say they are all for it. Others may complain about any safety effort being made. The difference between the two is one of attitude. Your attitude affects almost all that you do and how you do it.
Have you ever noticed that people who are successful in life, or are just happy, tend to have a positive attitude? And so it is with safety. Look at it this way. . . safety rules and procedures are written to protect you from harm. They are not written to make your work life more uncomfortable or inconvenient. After all, safety equipment and training costs your employer additional up front money.
If you cooperate in safety matters, not only is there a lesser likelihood of you getting hurt, you will not be doing battle with the boss who is just trying to do his job by enforcing the safety rules. In addition, you should feel more confident on the job knowing you have a better chance of making it thorough the day without injury. Less fear of injury and the boss no longer on your back has to brighten your day!
We are not perfect. Even the best of us can forget or make errors in judgment. To maximize our safety efforts, we must look out for one another. If someone tells you that you are not working in a safe manner, do not become angry or defensive. They are just looking out for your well-being. If you did not know you were doing something wrong, be thankful your errors were noted before someone got hurt. If you simply forgot or got a little careless, be grateful that someone cares enough to get you back on track. If you see someone doing something unsafe, speak up, but do so diplomatically. Treat others just as you would like to be treated in the same situation.
Remember, attitude affects behavior. If you have a positive attitude, odds are you will exhibit safe behavior. A negative attitude toward safety will only cause conflict, stress and, ultimately, an accident.
When asked, some may say they are all for it. Others may complain about any safety effort being made. The difference between the two is one of attitude. Your attitude affects almost all that you do and how you do it.
Have you ever noticed that people who are successful in life, or are just happy, tend to have a positive attitude? And so it is with safety. Look at it this way. . . safety rules and procedures are written to protect you from harm. They are not written to make your work life more uncomfortable or inconvenient. After all, safety equipment and training costs your employer additional up front money.
If you cooperate in safety matters, not only is there a lesser likelihood of you getting hurt, you will not be doing battle with the boss who is just trying to do his job by enforcing the safety rules. In addition, you should feel more confident on the job knowing you have a better chance of making it thorough the day without injury. Less fear of injury and the boss no longer on your back has to brighten your day!
We are not perfect. Even the best of us can forget or make errors in judgment. To maximize our safety efforts, we must look out for one another. If someone tells you that you are not working in a safe manner, do not become angry or defensive. They are just looking out for your well-being. If you did not know you were doing something wrong, be thankful your errors were noted before someone got hurt. If you simply forgot or got a little careless, be grateful that someone cares enough to get you back on track. If you see someone doing something unsafe, speak up, but do so diplomatically. Treat others just as you would like to be treated in the same situation.
Remember, attitude affects behavior. If you have a positive attitude, odds are you will exhibit safe behavior. A negative attitude toward safety will only cause conflict, stress and, ultimately, an accident.
Saturday, August 25, 2007
BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS (BBP) SAFETY AT ALL LEVELS
Individuals who are infected with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) or Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) may not show symptoms and may not know they are infectious. For this reason, all human blood and body fluids should be considered as if infectious, and all
precautions should be taken to avoid contact. This simple rule is known as “universal precautions.”
In the workplace, blood-borne pathogens (BBP) may be transmitted when blood or other infectious body fluids come in contact with mucous membranes (your eyes, nose, mouth); non-intact skin (due to cuts, abrasions, burns, rashes, paper cuts); or by handling or touching contaminated materials or surfaces. Blood-borne pathogens are also transmitted by “injection” under the skin via a contaminated sharp object puncturing or cutting the skin causing a wound.
Hepatitis B Virus versus Human Immunodeficiency Virus:
· Hepatitis B Virus is more persistent than HIV and is able to survive for at least one week in
dried blood on environmental surfaces. However, HIV will not survive for more than a few
minutes when exposed to room temperature air, and will usually die within seconds.
· A teaspoon of infected blood may contain over one billion HBV particles, while a teaspoon of
infected HIV blood contains about 15 HIV particles.
· Hepatitis B Virus usually has mild symptoms, which makes diagnosis difficult. HIV infections
usually are not diagnosed for years and symptoms may not appear for many months or years.
· Hepatitis B can be prevented with a vaccine. At the present time there is no preventive vaccine
for HIV.
· No cure is presently available for HBV or HIV.
If you administer first aid to an injured person in the workplace and there is a potential for contacting any body fluids, you should adhere to the following “universal precaution” guidelines:
· Wear impervious gloves when there is a chance of exposure to blood or body fluids.
· Wear a face shield to protect your entire face, and safety goggles to provide the most complete
eye protection.
· Use resuscitation devices when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
· Report all BBP exposures, or potential exposures to your supervisor immediately.
· Immediately wash your hands and affected areas with soap and warm water.
· Flush your eyes, nose or other mucous membrane areas with water, if exposed.
· Wash down areas that body fluids may have been contacted with the use of a mild solution of
household water and bleach (10:1).
The best protection against blood-borne pathogens is universal precautions!
precautions should be taken to avoid contact. This simple rule is known as “universal precautions.”
In the workplace, blood-borne pathogens (BBP) may be transmitted when blood or other infectious body fluids come in contact with mucous membranes (your eyes, nose, mouth); non-intact skin (due to cuts, abrasions, burns, rashes, paper cuts); or by handling or touching contaminated materials or surfaces. Blood-borne pathogens are also transmitted by “injection” under the skin via a contaminated sharp object puncturing or cutting the skin causing a wound.
Hepatitis B Virus versus Human Immunodeficiency Virus:
· Hepatitis B Virus is more persistent than HIV and is able to survive for at least one week in
dried blood on environmental surfaces. However, HIV will not survive for more than a few
minutes when exposed to room temperature air, and will usually die within seconds.
· A teaspoon of infected blood may contain over one billion HBV particles, while a teaspoon of
infected HIV blood contains about 15 HIV particles.
· Hepatitis B Virus usually has mild symptoms, which makes diagnosis difficult. HIV infections
usually are not diagnosed for years and symptoms may not appear for many months or years.
· Hepatitis B can be prevented with a vaccine. At the present time there is no preventive vaccine
for HIV.
· No cure is presently available for HBV or HIV.
If you administer first aid to an injured person in the workplace and there is a potential for contacting any body fluids, you should adhere to the following “universal precaution” guidelines:
· Wear impervious gloves when there is a chance of exposure to blood or body fluids.
· Wear a face shield to protect your entire face, and safety goggles to provide the most complete
eye protection.
· Use resuscitation devices when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
· Report all BBP exposures, or potential exposures to your supervisor immediately.
· Immediately wash your hands and affected areas with soap and warm water.
· Flush your eyes, nose or other mucous membrane areas with water, if exposed.
· Wash down areas that body fluids may have been contacted with the use of a mild solution of
household water and bleach (10:1).
The best protection against blood-borne pathogens is universal precautions!
WHEN YOU SIT MOST OF THE DAY...
Time after time, we plop down into our chairs at work (or at home) and don’t give a thought to how we are sitting. When sitting for long periods of time, we forget the stresses being put upon on our arms, shoulders, necks, backs, hips, legs and feet. By sitting improperly at work, we exert great amounts of pressure on our lower back (the lumbar region) and the joints or disks of our spine, as well as our arms and legs. Proper support and posture can eliminate most of this pressure. In many cases, postural problems can be solved with adjustments to the chair. If not,
modifications can be made to other areas of the work station to accommodate almost any body size.
modifications can be made to other areas of the work station to accommodate almost any body size.
For example:
· You are short and your legs don’t reach the floor. This puts pressure on the back of your thighs and cuts off blood circulation. Adjust the chair seat to a lower height or place a foot rest under your feet to raise the backs of your thighs off the chair. (If you lower your chair, you may also need to lower your monitor and keyboard.)
· You lean back in your chair and it turns into a recliner. Adjust the tension on the chair tilt to
accommodate your body weight, and to support your body when you lean back in the chair. The pan or seat of the chair and the chair back should move together. That way, even when leaning back, support is maintained on the lumbar region.
accommodate your body weight, and to support your body when you lean back in the chair. The pan or seat of the chair and the chair back should move together. That way, even when leaning back, support is maintained on the lumbar region.
· Your shoulders and neck hurt when you type or write for long periods. Check to see if the arms of the chair are causing you to “HUNCH” your shoulders up as you write or type. This “hunching” may be causing static muscle tension and can sometimes be relieved by lowering the arm rests. Also, check to see if your chair is too high or too low, which causes you to shift your head up and down to see the monitor. Raising or lowering your chair may fix the problem, or propping the monitor to a different level may do the trick. Placing your copy text at a more comfortable height, adjacent to the monitor, may also help relieve stress.
· Sitting at your desk writing, typing, and other tasks can make your eyes hurt. Where we sit is
just as important as how we sit. Excessive glare coming from a window or materials we are reading, or from a monitor we are using, can lead to eye strain. Draw the shades, dim bright lights and use task lighting. Get a glare screen for the monitor if needed or reposition your desk.
just as important as how we sit. Excessive glare coming from a window or materials we are reading, or from a monitor we are using, can lead to eye strain. Draw the shades, dim bright lights and use task lighting. Get a glare screen for the monitor if needed or reposition your desk.
· Remember, when you sit for long periods of time, body parts can go numb. Don’t sit in the same position too long! The best fix for chair fatigue is to periodically get up and move around. Stretch or do some other tasks like going to the copy machine or filing paper work. This change of activity is good for you and will eliminate most of the stress that comes from doing the same task for a long a period of time.
Generally speaking, the equipment used in an office environment is not the direct cause of many of our aches and pains. Instead it’s the lack of understanding of how our body reacts when we hold one position too long. If you need help adjusting your office equipment, consult your supervisor. Mother used to say, “Sit up straight and you will feel much better!" But since your mother doesn’t work here, you’ll have to take care of yourself!
TETANUS IS NOTHING TO FOOL WITH!
Minor cuts and skin abrasions occur during the jobs many of us do every day. Few people take them very seriously. But everyone should know that even small cuts or scratches, under the right conditions, can result in tetanus—a serious and sometimes fatal disease of the central nervous system.
What causes Tetanus? It is caused by bacteria known as clostridium tetani that thrive in dust and dirt, especially if contaminated with sewage. When small cuts are contaminated with dirt, tetanus germs may enter your body and multiply rapidly. Then, ten days to several weeks after the initial incident, symptoms such as fever, heavy sweating, and lockjaw begin. “Lockjaw” is a painful muscle spasm in the jaw muscles that make it difficult to open your mouth. These muscle
spasms then spread throughout the body, often interfering with breathing. You could die from this condition unless a physician performs a tracheotomy by cutting an opening in your windpipe that enables you to breathe. This is a serious situation! The fatality rate varies from 30-90% depending on how soon treatment begins.
How can you prevent it? To keep this serious condition from happening, never ignore minor cuts and abrasions. Clean the wound with an antiseptic and cover it with a sterile bandage or Band-Aid to keep dirt out of the cut. When should you see a doctor—even for minor cuts?
* If you haven’t had a tetanus shot within the last five years.
* If the cut is very dirty, or if there is any possibility of exposure to sewage (animal or
human) in any form.
* If signs of infection such as swelling or redness develop—especially if you’ve had a puncture wound.
* If any of the symptoms of tetanus develop such as stiffness of abdominal and back muscles, contraction of facial muscles, fever, sweating, or lockjaw.
Early treatment is critical! Tetanus can be successfully treated with an antitoxin in most cases—if treatment is started early. Take care of those small cuts and scratches as soon as they happen.
Never underestimate the danger of tetanus. It can kill!
What causes Tetanus? It is caused by bacteria known as clostridium tetani that thrive in dust and dirt, especially if contaminated with sewage. When small cuts are contaminated with dirt, tetanus germs may enter your body and multiply rapidly. Then, ten days to several weeks after the initial incident, symptoms such as fever, heavy sweating, and lockjaw begin. “Lockjaw” is a painful muscle spasm in the jaw muscles that make it difficult to open your mouth. These muscle
spasms then spread throughout the body, often interfering with breathing. You could die from this condition unless a physician performs a tracheotomy by cutting an opening in your windpipe that enables you to breathe. This is a serious situation! The fatality rate varies from 30-90% depending on how soon treatment begins.
How can you prevent it? To keep this serious condition from happening, never ignore minor cuts and abrasions. Clean the wound with an antiseptic and cover it with a sterile bandage or Band-Aid to keep dirt out of the cut. When should you see a doctor—even for minor cuts?
* If you haven’t had a tetanus shot within the last five years.
* If the cut is very dirty, or if there is any possibility of exposure to sewage (animal or
human) in any form.
* If signs of infection such as swelling or redness develop—especially if you’ve had a puncture wound.
* If any of the symptoms of tetanus develop such as stiffness of abdominal and back muscles, contraction of facial muscles, fever, sweating, or lockjaw.
Early treatment is critical! Tetanus can be successfully treated with an antitoxin in most cases—if treatment is started early. Take care of those small cuts and scratches as soon as they happen.
Never underestimate the danger of tetanus. It can kill!
Friday, August 24, 2007
COMMON SENSE / ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Generally speaking, we are not born with common sense, we acquire it throughout life. Actually, common sense is really common experience--we learn about life from others' experiences as well as our own. Awareness of your environment, self-preservation and concern for your fellow workers are all factors in good common sense. Contrary to popular opinion, all workers can prevent themselves from getting hurt. The easy way to avoid pain is to observe how others have taken risks and been injured, rather than learning the hard way--from your own injury. That's common sense!
The experts say at least 80% of industrial accidents are caused by unsafe acts on the part of employees--and not by unsafe conditions. Although employers are required by law to provide a safe and healthful workplace, it is up to you to be aware of your work environment and follow safe work practices. By avoiding unsafe acts and practicing common sense, your work will go smoother, with less chance for accidents.
Statistically, most accidents are caused by unsafe acts, including:
Being In A Hurry - Sometimes there is more concern for completing a job quickly instead of safely. Take time to do a good job and a safe job.
Taking Chances - Daring behavior or blatant disregard for safe work practices can put the whole work team at risk. Follow all company safety rules and watch out for your fellow employees. Horseplay is never appropriate on the job and can lead to disciplinary action.
Being Preoccupied - Daydreaming, drifting off at work, thinking about the weekend and not paying attention to your work can get you seriously hurt or even killed. Focus on the work you are paid to do. If your mind is troubled or distracted, you're at risk for an accident.
Having A Negative Attitude - Being angry or in a bad mood can lead to severe accidents because anger nearly always rules over caution. Flying off the handle at work is potentially dangerous. Keep your bad moods in check, or more than one person may be hurt. Remember to stay cool and in charge of your emotions.
Failing To Look For Hidden Hazards - At many jobsites, work conditions are constantly changing. Sometimes new, unexpected hazards develop. Always be alert for changes in the environment. Hidden hazards include spilled liquids that could cause slips and falls; out-of-place objects that can be tripped over; unmarked floor openings one could step into; low overhead pipes that could mean a head injury; and other workers who don't see you enter their hazardous work area.
Remember to stay alert for hazards, so you won't become one more accident statistic: You can do a quality job without rushing. Maintain a positive attitude and keep your mind on your work. This is just common sense--something smart workers use!
The experts say at least 80% of industrial accidents are caused by unsafe acts on the part of employees--and not by unsafe conditions. Although employers are required by law to provide a safe and healthful workplace, it is up to you to be aware of your work environment and follow safe work practices. By avoiding unsafe acts and practicing common sense, your work will go smoother, with less chance for accidents.
Statistically, most accidents are caused by unsafe acts, including:
Being In A Hurry - Sometimes there is more concern for completing a job quickly instead of safely. Take time to do a good job and a safe job.
Taking Chances - Daring behavior or blatant disregard for safe work practices can put the whole work team at risk. Follow all company safety rules and watch out for your fellow employees. Horseplay is never appropriate on the job and can lead to disciplinary action.
Being Preoccupied - Daydreaming, drifting off at work, thinking about the weekend and not paying attention to your work can get you seriously hurt or even killed. Focus on the work you are paid to do. If your mind is troubled or distracted, you're at risk for an accident.
Having A Negative Attitude - Being angry or in a bad mood can lead to severe accidents because anger nearly always rules over caution. Flying off the handle at work is potentially dangerous. Keep your bad moods in check, or more than one person may be hurt. Remember to stay cool and in charge of your emotions.
Failing To Look For Hidden Hazards - At many jobsites, work conditions are constantly changing. Sometimes new, unexpected hazards develop. Always be alert for changes in the environment. Hidden hazards include spilled liquids that could cause slips and falls; out-of-place objects that can be tripped over; unmarked floor openings one could step into; low overhead pipes that could mean a head injury; and other workers who don't see you enter their hazardous work area.
Remember to stay alert for hazards, so you won't become one more accident statistic: You can do a quality job without rushing. Maintain a positive attitude and keep your mind on your work. This is just common sense--something smart workers use!
SULFURIC ACID, BE CAUTIOUS
Sulfuric acid is widely used in industry for a variety of purposes such as metal cleaning and etching, production of fertilizers, petroleum produces, dyes and explosives. Like all acids it is reactive. Simply put, this means that when the liquid comes into contact with another material, something is going to happen. This is where the danger lies. If sulfuric acid comes in contact with any part of your body, a rapid destruction of tissue takes place, capable of causing severe burns. When a burn occurs, it also gives rise to the possibility of secondary problems such as infection. Burns are never to be considered trivial.
The strength or concentration of acids can vary. If transported in bulk quantities, the acid is usually "full strength." If used as a cleaning agent, it may be highly diluted. In both cases, the material is dangerous. In its concentrated form, sulfuric acid destroys not only the outer skin, it can also penetrate into the flesh under your skin, destroying it. This causes great pain and, if the damage is great enough, may result in shock, collapse or other problems which typically accompany thermal burns. Even dilute concentrations in contact with skin can cause dermatitis, or skin irritation. Prolonged breathing of the vapors or mists can cause respiratory disorders.
Protection: Here is something to think about. Sulfuric acid can burn through your skin into your flesh. It can cause your clothes to disintegrate. It can erode concrete and etch metal. Imagine what a drop or two would do to your sensitive and unprotected eyes. When working with or around Sulfuric acid, eye and face protection is a must. Safety glasses alone are not adequate. Wear chemical-type goggles (these have indirect vents), and a face shield. Protective clothing should include, at a minimum, an acid-resistant long apron and gloves. When working with large quantities, you will need to wear an acid-resistant "rain-suit" and high-top boots, with the pant leg extending over the top of the boot.
First Aid - Rapid treatment is very important. You must wash the acid off the body quickly. Get the victim to the emergency shower or to a hose as quickly as possible. Start washing and as you do so, remove all acid-wet clothing. Keep the water flowing. In cases where there are severe burns, shock may set in. If this occurs, treat for shock by placing victims on their back and keeping them warm. Call immediately for medical help. Do not apply any ointments, oils or other treatments to the burned area.
If acid is swallowed, it burns tissues all the way down to the stomach. Do not induce vomiting, which will cause additional burns as it comes up as well. Never give anything to an unconscious person but, if the victim is conscious, the acid should be immediately diluted. Provide milk, preferably mixed with egg whites. If this isn't available, give as much water to drink as possible.
The strength or concentration of acids can vary. If transported in bulk quantities, the acid is usually "full strength." If used as a cleaning agent, it may be highly diluted. In both cases, the material is dangerous. In its concentrated form, sulfuric acid destroys not only the outer skin, it can also penetrate into the flesh under your skin, destroying it. This causes great pain and, if the damage is great enough, may result in shock, collapse or other problems which typically accompany thermal burns. Even dilute concentrations in contact with skin can cause dermatitis, or skin irritation. Prolonged breathing of the vapors or mists can cause respiratory disorders.
Protection: Here is something to think about. Sulfuric acid can burn through your skin into your flesh. It can cause your clothes to disintegrate. It can erode concrete and etch metal. Imagine what a drop or two would do to your sensitive and unprotected eyes. When working with or around Sulfuric acid, eye and face protection is a must. Safety glasses alone are not adequate. Wear chemical-type goggles (these have indirect vents), and a face shield. Protective clothing should include, at a minimum, an acid-resistant long apron and gloves. When working with large quantities, you will need to wear an acid-resistant "rain-suit" and high-top boots, with the pant leg extending over the top of the boot.
First Aid - Rapid treatment is very important. You must wash the acid off the body quickly. Get the victim to the emergency shower or to a hose as quickly as possible. Start washing and as you do so, remove all acid-wet clothing. Keep the water flowing. In cases where there are severe burns, shock may set in. If this occurs, treat for shock by placing victims on their back and keeping them warm. Call immediately for medical help. Do not apply any ointments, oils or other treatments to the burned area.
If acid is swallowed, it burns tissues all the way down to the stomach. Do not induce vomiting, which will cause additional burns as it comes up as well. Never give anything to an unconscious person but, if the victim is conscious, the acid should be immediately diluted. Provide milk, preferably mixed with egg whites. If this isn't available, give as much water to drink as possible.
AVOID COMMON OFFICE INJURIES
It is generally accepted that in heavy industry, you'll find dangerous work environments that expose employees to potential injury. But fewer companies recognize the potential risks found in everyday office environments. Office work, too, can lead to injuries if appropriate safe work practices are not followed. Learn to avoid these common hazards:
1. Musculoskeletal strains and sprains associated with material handling: If you must walk and carry an object, make sure the object is carried in a way that avoids blocking your vision. Never lift objects that are too heavy to handle comfortably. Get help, or use a hand truck when moving heavy or large objects. Lift objects from the floor correctly by using proper lifting mechanics--hold the load close to your body. Use a stool or step ladder when placing or removing items from high shelves.
2. Stress and strain associated with sitting and VDT use: Arrange your desk or work station so that your arms, wrists, legs, back and neck can be maintained in a comfortable "neutral" position, with proper back support. (Eagle can provide ergonomic checklists for evaluating your work area.) Those who spend long hours at a computer should consider mastering keyboard moves, instead of relying principally on the mouse. This helps reduce strain on your elbow and shoulder. And don't forget to take rest breaks!
3. Injuries that result from slips, trips, and falls: Never run in the office. If liquids are spilled on tile or linoleum floors, clean them up immediately. If a rolling chair pad is cracked or if any part of the pad edge is curled upward, replace it and eliminate the tripping hazard. Do not lay electrical cords or phone cords where they could create a tripping hazard. Keep aisles clear of stored items.
4. Hand injuries from cuts, scrapes, smashes, and punctures: Use a letter opener when opening envelopes and boxes, and a staple puller when removing staples from documents. Wear a rubber finger "cot" when fingering through a significant amount of envelopes or pieces of paper. Store sharp objects neatly in desk drawers or inside closed containers. Always close desk and file cabinet drawers with your hand firmly gripped on the drawer handle--and leave repair of office equipment to the maintenance people.
Although offices are not considered to be "high hazard" work environments, injuries happen when risks are not controlled or when people get careless. Practice safe work habits at all times. Know where the office first aid kit is kept, and who has been trained to administer first aid. Lastly, make sure you understand the emergency procedures for dealing with fires, earthquakes, tsunamis, and power failures.
1. Musculoskeletal strains and sprains associated with material handling: If you must walk and carry an object, make sure the object is carried in a way that avoids blocking your vision. Never lift objects that are too heavy to handle comfortably. Get help, or use a hand truck when moving heavy or large objects. Lift objects from the floor correctly by using proper lifting mechanics--hold the load close to your body. Use a stool or step ladder when placing or removing items from high shelves.
2. Stress and strain associated with sitting and VDT use: Arrange your desk or work station so that your arms, wrists, legs, back and neck can be maintained in a comfortable "neutral" position, with proper back support. (Eagle can provide ergonomic checklists for evaluating your work area.) Those who spend long hours at a computer should consider mastering keyboard moves, instead of relying principally on the mouse. This helps reduce strain on your elbow and shoulder. And don't forget to take rest breaks!
3. Injuries that result from slips, trips, and falls: Never run in the office. If liquids are spilled on tile or linoleum floors, clean them up immediately. If a rolling chair pad is cracked or if any part of the pad edge is curled upward, replace it and eliminate the tripping hazard. Do not lay electrical cords or phone cords where they could create a tripping hazard. Keep aisles clear of stored items.
4. Hand injuries from cuts, scrapes, smashes, and punctures: Use a letter opener when opening envelopes and boxes, and a staple puller when removing staples from documents. Wear a rubber finger "cot" when fingering through a significant amount of envelopes or pieces of paper. Store sharp objects neatly in desk drawers or inside closed containers. Always close desk and file cabinet drawers with your hand firmly gripped on the drawer handle--and leave repair of office equipment to the maintenance people.
Although offices are not considered to be "high hazard" work environments, injuries happen when risks are not controlled or when people get careless. Practice safe work habits at all times. Know where the office first aid kit is kept, and who has been trained to administer first aid. Lastly, make sure you understand the emergency procedures for dealing with fires, earthquakes, tsunamis, and power failures.
AFTERTHOUGHTS AND REGRETS
How often have you said or done something and then later, reflecting on your action, thought to yourself, "How could I have done that?"
Here are some afterthoughts which, unfortunately, too many of us have experienced:
· "That's how we've always done it before." (…before the accident occurred anyway.)
· "I never thought that a little bolt dropped from that distance would cause so much bleeding." ( I should have worn a hard hat, I guess.)
· "If I had taken that first-aid/CPR course, I probably could have helped him." (…and chances are, he would still be here.)
· "I should have taken care of that board with the projecting rusty nails earlier." (Now, I have to take off work to get a tetanus shot.)
· "Wow, I never realized that a fire could get out of control so fast." ( If I'd called the fire department before trying to put it out myself, I might still have a place to work tomorrow.)
· " I know they were always preaching that we should lift with the leg muscles instead of the back muscles." (What the heck is a herniated disk?)
· "For few more dollars, I could have bought safety shoes." (That deep cut in the toe section ruined my new work boots, and this broken toe still hurts.)
· "My safety glasses were in the tool box, but I was just going to grind off this one little piece…." ( I wonder if they'll still let me drive with only one eye?)
· "We were only going to use the scaffold for one day. I never thought a hammer would fall off the plank and strike someone." (I had a hunch I should have taken the time to install the toe boards.)
· "They always insisted that the tool rest should be no more than one-eighth inch from the grinding wheel. What difference does another quarter inch make?" (I was lucky not to go blind when the chisel got wedged and the wheel exploded into a thousand pieces.)
Any of this sound familiar?? They say hindsight is the only perfect science-but foresight could have avoided these incidents, misfortunes and regrets.
Learn from others' mistakes and you'll have no regrets!
Here are some afterthoughts which, unfortunately, too many of us have experienced:
· "That's how we've always done it before." (…before the accident occurred anyway.)
· "I never thought that a little bolt dropped from that distance would cause so much bleeding." ( I should have worn a hard hat, I guess.)
· "If I had taken that first-aid/CPR course, I probably could have helped him." (…and chances are, he would still be here.)
· "I should have taken care of that board with the projecting rusty nails earlier." (Now, I have to take off work to get a tetanus shot.)
· "Wow, I never realized that a fire could get out of control so fast." ( If I'd called the fire department before trying to put it out myself, I might still have a place to work tomorrow.)
· " I know they were always preaching that we should lift with the leg muscles instead of the back muscles." (What the heck is a herniated disk?)
· "For few more dollars, I could have bought safety shoes." (That deep cut in the toe section ruined my new work boots, and this broken toe still hurts.)
· "My safety glasses were in the tool box, but I was just going to grind off this one little piece…." ( I wonder if they'll still let me drive with only one eye?)
· "We were only going to use the scaffold for one day. I never thought a hammer would fall off the plank and strike someone." (I had a hunch I should have taken the time to install the toe boards.)
· "They always insisted that the tool rest should be no more than one-eighth inch from the grinding wheel. What difference does another quarter inch make?" (I was lucky not to go blind when the chisel got wedged and the wheel exploded into a thousand pieces.)
Any of this sound familiar?? They say hindsight is the only perfect science-but foresight could have avoided these incidents, misfortunes and regrets.
Learn from others' mistakes and you'll have no regrets!
Thursday, August 23, 2007
WHEN YOU LEAST EXPECT IT...LESSONS LEARNED!
The prospect of getting into an accident is something no one likes to think about. Time and again we hear our managers, supervisors or co-workers telling us to be careful, work safely and use personal protective equipment. Yet, do we really listen? We hear the words, but do we really believe we'll be the one who will have an accident?
There are those who take the safety message at work seriously, and those who do not. Safe work procedures have a purpose. Experience tells us that if we do things right, we'll complete our work correctly and safely. When personal protective equipment (PPE) is provided, this is also for good reason. PPE prevents or minimizes injury or illness to the user.
Sometimes accidents happen when you least expect them. The following true stories prove this, along with a reminder that sometimes they do happen to us….
Lesson #1: Two mechanics were working on a step van and repairing the rear roll-up door. In order to fix the door, they had to alternately "tension" the large spring that assists the door's upward movement. As they took turns tightening the spring by inserting 3/8 inch metal rods into the spring catches, the front mechanic's rod slipped out from the catch. The rebound motion and force made the rod, still in his hand, fly back and strike the other mechanic in the eye.
Obviously, the mechanic who was struck in the eye needed immediate emergency medical attention.
Lesson? Lack of eye protection + inadequate work procedures = serious injury.
Lesson #2: A construction superintendent was observing project operations when a piece of heavy equipment ran over a piece of concrete with its' rear tire. The object became a flying projectile when it "shot out" from under the tire, missed a small stock pile, sailed past a back-hoe and struck the superintendent in the head. Fortunately, the superintendent was wearing his hard hat, or the blow might easily have been fatal.
Lesson? Use of PPE = protection from more serious injury or death.
Lesson #3: An employee was using a bench grinder to polish a piece of metal on the wire wheel. When he turned to talk to another employee, and took his eyes off his work, the piece of metal he was holding became caught between the wheel and the tool rest. His finger was pulled into the wire wheel which instantly shaved off part of his finger.
Lesson? Lack of concentration + improperly adjusted tool rest = painful injury.
Work should not have to be a death or injury experience. Unfortunately, lack of caution and attention can make it one. The next time you hear someone say, "be careful," take a minute to really listen to the message and ask yourself, "Why should I be careful?" The answer is, "because accidents happen when you least expect them-and sometimes they happen to you."
Think about yourself, family, friends and co-workers-don't learn a lesson the hard way!
GOOD HYGIENE CAN KEEP YOU HEALTHY
Most of us learned the basics of good personal hygiene from our mothers when we were children. She started us on good hygiene with the simple rule of washing our hands before we ate. As we have grown older, some of us may have drifted away from our mother's wise advise.
In today's chemical laden workplaces, being even more conscientious about hygiene is the smart thing to do. Even though washing our hands is a simple and logical task, it's still commonly overlooked.
What is on your hands gets ingested. How many times have you seen fellow workers smoke a cigarette while their hands were covered with paint or grease? How about the workers who eat their lunch without washing their hands? Not one of us would intentionally eat paint, or dip our cigarette into the paint bucket. Even so, that is basically what is happening when you eat your sandwich or smoke a cigarette without washing your hands. In addition to tobacco, smokers may be inhaling toxic substances that have been placed on the cigarette from their hands. Remember, when paints, solvents or most any chemical is heated or burned, its chemical makeup is changed.
Cleaning your skin with solvents is never a good practice. Mechanics who use a solvent to clean their hands are setting themselves up for a case of dermatitis or possibly becoming sensitized to the chemical or solvent. Before using the solvent to clean with, think "what is the purpose of a solvent?" A solvent's purpose is to cut grease. When it is used without protection such as gloves or barrier creams, it is degreasing the protective oils from your skin.
Clean clothing is a part of good hygiene. Maintaining good personal hygiene includes the clothes worn to work. A worker wearing oily, greasy clothing, or clothes that have toxic chemicals spilled on them, is likely to experience irritating rashes, boils or other skin problems. Work clothing should be changed daily. A daily shower and clean clothing reduces the chances of skin problems. Remember, dirty clothes and skin carry chemicals to your home and family.
First-aid begins with cleanliness. When we get a sliver, a nick, or a cut we typically go to the first-aid kit. We grab an adhesive bandage, quickly put it on, and go back to work. Several days later we wonder why the small injury is inflamed and infected. Don't ignore small injuries like these. The wounded area should be washed with soap and water before the bandage goes on. Possibly an antiseptic should be placed on the wound as well. This simple trick you first learned from your mom helps to keep the wound from becoming contaminated. To also help prevent a small injury from getting to be a serious health hazard, keep your tetanus booster current. A small needle stick every 10 years is a small price to pay, in the prevention of infection.
Good personal hygiene all boils down to common sense. A daily shower, followed by clean clothing, and frequent washing of hands…particularly before eating or smoking, goes a long way in keeping you healthy and safe.
In today's chemical laden workplaces, being even more conscientious about hygiene is the smart thing to do. Even though washing our hands is a simple and logical task, it's still commonly overlooked.
What is on your hands gets ingested. How many times have you seen fellow workers smoke a cigarette while their hands were covered with paint or grease? How about the workers who eat their lunch without washing their hands? Not one of us would intentionally eat paint, or dip our cigarette into the paint bucket. Even so, that is basically what is happening when you eat your sandwich or smoke a cigarette without washing your hands. In addition to tobacco, smokers may be inhaling toxic substances that have been placed on the cigarette from their hands. Remember, when paints, solvents or most any chemical is heated or burned, its chemical makeup is changed.
Cleaning your skin with solvents is never a good practice. Mechanics who use a solvent to clean their hands are setting themselves up for a case of dermatitis or possibly becoming sensitized to the chemical or solvent. Before using the solvent to clean with, think "what is the purpose of a solvent?" A solvent's purpose is to cut grease. When it is used without protection such as gloves or barrier creams, it is degreasing the protective oils from your skin.
Clean clothing is a part of good hygiene. Maintaining good personal hygiene includes the clothes worn to work. A worker wearing oily, greasy clothing, or clothes that have toxic chemicals spilled on them, is likely to experience irritating rashes, boils or other skin problems. Work clothing should be changed daily. A daily shower and clean clothing reduces the chances of skin problems. Remember, dirty clothes and skin carry chemicals to your home and family.
First-aid begins with cleanliness. When we get a sliver, a nick, or a cut we typically go to the first-aid kit. We grab an adhesive bandage, quickly put it on, and go back to work. Several days later we wonder why the small injury is inflamed and infected. Don't ignore small injuries like these. The wounded area should be washed with soap and water before the bandage goes on. Possibly an antiseptic should be placed on the wound as well. This simple trick you first learned from your mom helps to keep the wound from becoming contaminated. To also help prevent a small injury from getting to be a serious health hazard, keep your tetanus booster current. A small needle stick every 10 years is a small price to pay, in the prevention of infection.
Good personal hygiene all boils down to common sense. A daily shower, followed by clean clothing, and frequent washing of hands…particularly before eating or smoking, goes a long way in keeping you healthy and safe.
E. COLI: FOOD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
In the last few years a bacteria named E. coli has become a household name. What is E. coli? What dangers does it present, and what are the precautions one should take to prevent being infected? Given recent, serious outbreaks of illness, these are important questions.
Escherichia coli, more commonly called E. coli for obvious reasons, comes in many strains. E. coli normally lives in the intestines of humans and other warm-blooded animals without causing disease or illness. However, the strain called E. coli 0157:H7 is different. This strain, first linked to human illness in 1982, produces a dangerous toxin which is very harmful to humans.
Anyone can contract E. coli, but elderly people and those under five years of age appear more likely to develop serious infections. Infection can cause a complication called hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). This is a disease in which red blood cells are destroyed and the kidneys fail. The majority of people contracting HUS recover completely, however it can be fatal.
The most common source of E. coli infection is red meat, especially ground beef which is rare or undercooked. However, E. coli 0157:H7 has been found in other food items such as mayonnaise, unpasteurized milk, some unpasteurized juices, and contaminated water. Person-to-person transmission of this bacteria is also on the rise. This manner of transmission is typically from an infected child or adult who does not wash their hands thoroughly after using the restroom.
What are the Symptoms. Symptoms of an E. coli infection appear about 3 days after exposure, although it can range between 1 to 9 days. The symptoms of E. coli can be bloody or non-bloody diarrhea or abdominal cramps. Some amount of blood is usually found in the stool as well. This infection usually causes little or no fever. Most infected people will recover without medication in 5 to 10 days. Fluid and electrolyte replacement is important when diarrhea is present or there are signs of dehydration. The use of antibiotics in fighting the disease are unproven to date. Anti-diarrheal medication should be avoided.
There are several simple and straight forward ways to prevent being infected by E. coli 0157:H7:
Do not eat undercooked ground beef. Cook it to at least 1600 F or until all pink is gone from the interior and from any juices. Other meats have not yet been linked to E. coli outbreaks.
Drink only pasteurized milk and milk products.
Wash hands with hot, soapy water after using the restroom and before preparing food.
Wash hands, utensils and surfaces with hot, soapy water after contact with raw meats and /or meat juice.
Wash all fruits before eating. Low-acid, unpasteurized fruit juice is also considered a risk.
When eating out, check hamburgers and ground beef for doneness. Return any food to the kitchen which is not thoroughly cooked.
Escherichia coli, more commonly called E. coli for obvious reasons, comes in many strains. E. coli normally lives in the intestines of humans and other warm-blooded animals without causing disease or illness. However, the strain called E. coli 0157:H7 is different. This strain, first linked to human illness in 1982, produces a dangerous toxin which is very harmful to humans.
Anyone can contract E. coli, but elderly people and those under five years of age appear more likely to develop serious infections. Infection can cause a complication called hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). This is a disease in which red blood cells are destroyed and the kidneys fail. The majority of people contracting HUS recover completely, however it can be fatal.
The most common source of E. coli infection is red meat, especially ground beef which is rare or undercooked. However, E. coli 0157:H7 has been found in other food items such as mayonnaise, unpasteurized milk, some unpasteurized juices, and contaminated water. Person-to-person transmission of this bacteria is also on the rise. This manner of transmission is typically from an infected child or adult who does not wash their hands thoroughly after using the restroom.
What are the Symptoms. Symptoms of an E. coli infection appear about 3 days after exposure, although it can range between 1 to 9 days. The symptoms of E. coli can be bloody or non-bloody diarrhea or abdominal cramps. Some amount of blood is usually found in the stool as well. This infection usually causes little or no fever. Most infected people will recover without medication in 5 to 10 days. Fluid and electrolyte replacement is important when diarrhea is present or there are signs of dehydration. The use of antibiotics in fighting the disease are unproven to date. Anti-diarrheal medication should be avoided.
There are several simple and straight forward ways to prevent being infected by E. coli 0157:H7:
Do not eat undercooked ground beef. Cook it to at least 1600 F or until all pink is gone from the interior and from any juices. Other meats have not yet been linked to E. coli outbreaks.
Drink only pasteurized milk and milk products.
Wash hands with hot, soapy water after using the restroom and before preparing food.
Wash hands, utensils and surfaces with hot, soapy water after contact with raw meats and /or meat juice.
Wash all fruits before eating. Low-acid, unpasteurized fruit juice is also considered a risk.
When eating out, check hamburgers and ground beef for doneness. Return any food to the kitchen which is not thoroughly cooked.
Wednesday, August 22, 2007
BACK CARE: YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE!
"OUCH! Why did I try to lift that much weight on my own?" Did you ever ponder those words after you hoisted something heavy, or lifted from an awkward position? These incidents are well known causes of back strain, but you might not have considered other "underlying" factors that lead to back injury. Several conditions influence your "back health."
The cause of most back problems is poor posture, loss of flexibility, stressful living/working habits and above all, a general decline in physical fitness. Surprised? You shouldn't be. When you "let yourself go," (and most of us do with age) the first thing to go can be back strength. Along with correct lifting techniques, we should also work on our overall physical condition.
Nutrition--is an important key to staying physically fit! As we grow older, our metabolism slows down. To counteract this natural event, we have to eat the right types of food-and not too much of it-or the pounds come on quickly! Now, what does nutrition have to do with a healthy back? For one thing, a healthy back is correctly balanced on your spine. With a "sway" back, that balance is lost-and those darned potbellies cause sway backs. Carrying around excess weight puts tremendous strain on back tissues, so lifting even a small extra load may cause an injury.
Exercise--plays an important role as well. A form of exercise as simple as walking 30 minutes a day can raise your heart rate and burn enough calories to help keep you lean. Flexibility is another condition that changes as we grow older, if we don't work to retain it. It's true, as they say-"Use it or Lose it!" Without flexibility, we lose our body's full range of motion. Then, when a sudden, physical demand takes a muscle or joint further than it's used to, the risk of injury is high. You can do stretching exercises every morning to keep yourself flexible and ready for the physical demands of work. After all, don't athletes warm up before a game to prevent injury?
Fixed positions--not moving enough--can also cause back problems. Staying in a fixed position for too long can lead to muscle spasms. We feel it as stiffness, but by the time discomfort from "static" muscle contractions is experienced, low level tissue damage has begun. Take stretch breaks between long standing or sitting periods to improve circulation and prevent back strain.
Poor body mechanics and bad lifting habits usually "trigger" a back injury-and are more likely to do so if overall physical condition is poor. Remember these techniques to help escape injury:
Avoid using fast, jerking motions when lifting.
Avoid bending and twisting at the same time.
Avoid handling a load too far away! Keep the load close to your body.
Teamwork! If the load is too heavy, two persons should carry the load.
Emotional Stress leads to mental distraction, so that things other than proper body mechanics are on your mind. Stress and back pain seem to go together. Low back pain has been called "a tension headache that slipped." Solving our personal problems isn't always easy to do, but it often takes away back pain and helps prevent repeated injuries.
In Conclusion: Improper lifting isn't the only thing that causes back injuries. People who do not also stay in good physical and mental condition are at high risk for back problems.
It's Up To You--Take Good Care Of Your Body and Save Your Back!
The cause of most back problems is poor posture, loss of flexibility, stressful living/working habits and above all, a general decline in physical fitness. Surprised? You shouldn't be. When you "let yourself go," (and most of us do with age) the first thing to go can be back strength. Along with correct lifting techniques, we should also work on our overall physical condition.
Nutrition--is an important key to staying physically fit! As we grow older, our metabolism slows down. To counteract this natural event, we have to eat the right types of food-and not too much of it-or the pounds come on quickly! Now, what does nutrition have to do with a healthy back? For one thing, a healthy back is correctly balanced on your spine. With a "sway" back, that balance is lost-and those darned potbellies cause sway backs. Carrying around excess weight puts tremendous strain on back tissues, so lifting even a small extra load may cause an injury.
Exercise--plays an important role as well. A form of exercise as simple as walking 30 minutes a day can raise your heart rate and burn enough calories to help keep you lean. Flexibility is another condition that changes as we grow older, if we don't work to retain it. It's true, as they say-"Use it or Lose it!" Without flexibility, we lose our body's full range of motion. Then, when a sudden, physical demand takes a muscle or joint further than it's used to, the risk of injury is high. You can do stretching exercises every morning to keep yourself flexible and ready for the physical demands of work. After all, don't athletes warm up before a game to prevent injury?
Fixed positions--not moving enough--can also cause back problems. Staying in a fixed position for too long can lead to muscle spasms. We feel it as stiffness, but by the time discomfort from "static" muscle contractions is experienced, low level tissue damage has begun. Take stretch breaks between long standing or sitting periods to improve circulation and prevent back strain.
Poor body mechanics and bad lifting habits usually "trigger" a back injury-and are more likely to do so if overall physical condition is poor. Remember these techniques to help escape injury:
Avoid using fast, jerking motions when lifting.
Avoid bending and twisting at the same time.
Avoid handling a load too far away! Keep the load close to your body.
Teamwork! If the load is too heavy, two persons should carry the load.
Emotional Stress leads to mental distraction, so that things other than proper body mechanics are on your mind. Stress and back pain seem to go together. Low back pain has been called "a tension headache that slipped." Solving our personal problems isn't always easy to do, but it often takes away back pain and helps prevent repeated injuries.
In Conclusion: Improper lifting isn't the only thing that causes back injuries. People who do not also stay in good physical and mental condition are at high risk for back problems.
It's Up To You--Take Good Care Of Your Body and Save Your Back!
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